FOR THE KLAMATH INDIANS THEIR NAME MEANS PEOPLE OR COMMUNITY - MAKLETS. THEY LIVE NEAR THE OREGON AND NORTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA ALONG THE KLAMATH RIVER. THEY DEPENDED ON FISHING INLAND WATER WAYS. THEY HUNTED SMALL GAME AND WILD PLANT FOODS SUCH AS ROOTS AND WATER LILY SEEDS.
THEY ARE A PLATEAU TRIBE THAT SPEAKS PENUTIAN DIALECT. THEY USED TO BE WARLIKE AND THEIR BOWMEN COULD SHOOT AN ARROW RIGHT THROUGH A HORSE. THEY HAD RAIDS ON MANY NORTHERN CALIFORNIAN TRIBES, AND TOOK CAPTIVES AS SLAVES. THEY WERE FRIENDLY TOWARD THE ANGLOS. A CANADIAN, PETER OGDEN FIRST ESTABLISHED TRADE RELATIONS WITH THE KLAMATH IN 1829.
THEY SIGNED A TREATY IN 1864 AND AGREED TO GIVE UP SLAVERY. THEY WERE INDIRECTLY PART OF THE MODOC WAR IN 1872-1873. BECAUSE THE MODOCS DID NOT GET ALONG WITH THE KLAMATH THEY HEADED SOUTH AND EVENTUALLY FOUGHT THE MOST VIOLENT INDIAN WAR IN CALIFORNIAN HISTORY. IN 1954 THE KLAMATH LOST SOME OF THEIR LAND TO THE GOVERNMENT.
CARL WALDMAN
Tuesday, September 21, 2010
MENOMONEE INDIANS
THE MENOMONEES COLLECTED WILD RICE (ACTUALLY A SEED OF A GRASS) FROM CANOES IN SUMMER. WILD RICE HAD SIXTY DIFFERENT NAMES. WOMEN COLLECTED THESE SEEDS, MEN USED BOWS TO HUNT SMALL GAME OR FISHED FOR STURGEON WITH HOOKS, SPEARS, NETS, AND TRAPS. THEY BENT THE TALL GRASSES OVER THE CANOE AND BEAT THE GRASS HEADS INTO THE BOAT.
THESE SEEDS WERE DRIED AND POUNDED, AND THEN WINNOWED IN BASKETS TO SEPARATE THE HULL FROM GRAINS. IT WAS AN EASY FOOD TO COLLECT AND TO PREPARE. THEY DID NOT NEED CORN.
THE GREAT LAKE TRIBES HAD PROBLEMS WITH THEIR TERRITORIES AND RARELY KNEW PEACE. THEY COULD TRADE THIS RICE FOR OTHER ITEMS. THEY TRADED FOR BUFFALO FURS FROM THE PRAIRIES. RICE WAS INCLUDED IN THEIR MYTHOLOGIES.
IN 1634 WHEN JEAN NICOLET, THE FIRST WHITE EXPLORER, CAME TO THE MENOMONEE, THEY CONTROLLED THE NORTHWESTERN SHORE OF LAKE MICHIGAN. THEY HAD YEAR ROUND VILLAGES. DURING WINTER THEY HAD DOMED WIGWAMS WITH SAPLINGS COVERED WITH CATTAIL MATS AND REEDS. THEIR LARGEST VILLAGE WAS AT THE MOUTH OF THE MENOMONEE RIVER WHERE IT ENTERS GREEN BAY.
THE MENOMONEE INDIANS WORE DEERSKIN SHIRTS AND LEGGINGS AND MOCCASINS. WOMEN WORE SHIRTS OF WOVEN NETTLES, ALONG WITH DEERSKIN NETTLES.
WOMEN WERE FAMOUS FOR THEIR WOVEN POUCHES. THEY USED PLANT FIBERS, BASSWOOD TREES, PLUS BUFFALO HAIRS. THEY DYED, SPUN, AND WOVE MATERIALS INTO LARGE SUPPLIES BAGS WITH VARIOUS GEOMETRIC DESIGNS.
SMOKING TOBACCO WAS INCLUDED IN ALMOST ALL OF THEIR CEREMONIES. THEY WERE FRIENDLY WITH THE WHITES.
CARL WALDMAN
THESE SEEDS WERE DRIED AND POUNDED, AND THEN WINNOWED IN BASKETS TO SEPARATE THE HULL FROM GRAINS. IT WAS AN EASY FOOD TO COLLECT AND TO PREPARE. THEY DID NOT NEED CORN.
THE GREAT LAKE TRIBES HAD PROBLEMS WITH THEIR TERRITORIES AND RARELY KNEW PEACE. THEY COULD TRADE THIS RICE FOR OTHER ITEMS. THEY TRADED FOR BUFFALO FURS FROM THE PRAIRIES. RICE WAS INCLUDED IN THEIR MYTHOLOGIES.
IN 1634 WHEN JEAN NICOLET, THE FIRST WHITE EXPLORER, CAME TO THE MENOMONEE, THEY CONTROLLED THE NORTHWESTERN SHORE OF LAKE MICHIGAN. THEY HAD YEAR ROUND VILLAGES. DURING WINTER THEY HAD DOMED WIGWAMS WITH SAPLINGS COVERED WITH CATTAIL MATS AND REEDS. THEIR LARGEST VILLAGE WAS AT THE MOUTH OF THE MENOMONEE RIVER WHERE IT ENTERS GREEN BAY.
THE MENOMONEE INDIANS WORE DEERSKIN SHIRTS AND LEGGINGS AND MOCCASINS. WOMEN WORE SHIRTS OF WOVEN NETTLES, ALONG WITH DEERSKIN NETTLES.
WOMEN WERE FAMOUS FOR THEIR WOVEN POUCHES. THEY USED PLANT FIBERS, BASSWOOD TREES, PLUS BUFFALO HAIRS. THEY DYED, SPUN, AND WOVE MATERIALS INTO LARGE SUPPLIES BAGS WITH VARIOUS GEOMETRIC DESIGNS.
SMOKING TOBACCO WAS INCLUDED IN ALMOST ALL OF THEIR CEREMONIES. THEY WERE FRIENDLY WITH THE WHITES.
CARL WALDMAN
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