GUINEA IS A WORD THAT IS A WORD THAT IS UNCLEAR. EUROPEAN SHOPPERS IN THE17TH CENTURY REFERRED TO THE WEST COAST OF AFRICA WITH THE WORD. THE COASTAL SUSAL GROUP USES GUINEA FOR "WOMEN".
IN 1890 THE FRENCH CLAIMED THE COAST GUINEAAND NAMED IT FRENCH GUINEA. BRITISH OWNED A COLONY IN THE NORTH. THE COUNTRY HAS 94,000 SQUARE MILES. THEY HAVE A MOUNTAINOUS REGION ALLOWING FOR THE CULTIVATION OF POTATOES. MANY FOLKS HAVE FRESHWATER FISHRIVERS. MOST FOLKS ARE FROM THE MANIKA. OTHER IMPORTANT TOWNS AIDED THE BAUXITE MINING TOWN.
IN THE INTERIOR THE CULTIVATIONOF POTATOES IS COMMON. SMALLER ETHNIC GROUPS ARE IN THE THE MPOUNTAINS. AND NARROW VALLEYS TIMBO WAS THE CAPITOL IN PRECOLUMBIA PRECOLONIAL ERA.
IN THE SOUTH IS THE FOREST REGION. WHERE DENSE FORESTS OCCUR. TROPICAL HARDWOODS HAVE INCREASED THE RATE OF DEFORESTATION. THEY HAVE FOUND GOLD, DIAMONDS AND IRON ORE HERE. SINCE THE EARLY 1996'S THERE IS A RISE IN POPULATION AS REFUGEES FROM WARS HAVE FLOODED OVER HERE.
THEIR POPULATION IS 7.5 MILLION ACCORDING TO 2000.THERE ARE 50,000 REFUGES. HALF OF THE POPULATION UNDER THE AGE OF 15. MANY EUROPEANS AMERICANS LIVE IN CONAKRY WHO WORK EMBASSES AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATIONS. THERE ARE 8 DESIGNATED OFFICIAL NATIONAL LANGUAGES. FRENCH IS SPOKEN IN SCHOOLS AND GOVERNMENT AND BUSINESS CIRCLES.
THEY HAVE A COMPLEX HISTORY IN GEOGRAPHIC ZONES. ISLAMIC MIGRANTS ARRIVED DISPLACING THE SUSAL AT A TOWN. OVER 200 YEARS THE SUSA AT A TOWN. OVER 200 YEARS THE SUSA GAINED CONTROL OF THE CASH AND BUILD STATES BASED ON CANS. THEY SUPPORTED THEMSELVES WITH FISHING AND TRADING EUROPEANS. THEY TRADED BEESWAX. THEIR REGION WAS NOT A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO THE TRANSATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE.
THE WEST AFRICAN SAVANNA OF GUINEA WAS USED FOR AGRICULTURE AND WAS A MAGNET FOR MUSLIM SCHOLARS. SOME OF THESE FOLKS OWNED SLAVES WHO SUPPORTED THEIR AGRICULTURE AND COMMON ACTIVITIES. THE SLAVES HAD THIR OWN VILLAGE.
BY 18TH CENTURY WARFARE INTENSIFIED. THE FRENCH EAST AND CLASHED WITH THE SAMOIS. THEY DROVE THEM OUT OF NEW GUINEA. THE FRENCH MADE ALLIANCES WITH ELITES. FRENCH GUINEA WAS AN AREA THEY CLAIMED IN 1896.
BY 1950 THE GUINEA FOLKS CLAIMED INDEPENDENCE IN 1950'S. ONE SAKOU TOURE, WHO LED THE NATION TO INDEPENDENCE DECLARED WE PREFER POVERTY AND FREEDOM TO RICHES IN IN CHAINS.
MR. TOURE ORDERED FRENCH TO LEAVE. MR. TOURE ORDERED THE FRENCH TO LEAVE IN 1958 AS FRANCE'S IST PRESIDENT. GUINEA WAS THROWN INTO INTERNATIONAL ISOLATION.
TOURE TURNED TO RUSSIA AND LATTER CHINA FOR HELP. THE POLITICAL CHAOS HAD MANY FOLKS LEAVE THE COUNTRY. OLDER FORMS OF AFRICAN VILLAGES ARE STILL IN KHAN KAN WHER SMALL HUTS WITH THATCHED ROOFS ARE BUILT. MEMBERS OF THE SAME HOUSEHOLD SLEEP IN SEPARATE DWELLINGS. THEY HAVE A COMUNAL SPACE WHERE COOKING AND SOCIAL INTERACTION TAKE PLACE. SOME MARRIAGES ARE POLYGAMOUS IN GUINEA.
THERE ARE MANY TABOOS AND CUSTOMS THAT AFFECT THEM. IT IS IMPOLITE TO EAT WHILE WALKING.IN LARGE FAMILIES MEN EAT FROM ONE BOWL, WOMEN FROM ANOTHER! MANY PEOPLE SUFFER FROM MALNUTRITION AND SOME FOLKS EAT ONLY ONCE PER DAY. THEIR MAIN MEAL IS EATEN ONCE PER DAY.A SAUCE OVER RICE OR MILLET WITH FISH MEAT OR CHICKEN. THEY EAT LITTLE PORK.
MEALS ARE SERVED A WEDDINGS AND FUNERALS. ALCOHOL IS NOT SERVED AT FAMILY EVENTS. GUINEA IS ONE OF THE POOREST COUNTRIESIN THE WORLD. THEY ARE MOSTLY RURAL AND HAVE FEW DOCTORS AND MUCH RAIN. AND NATURAL RESOURCES AND HIGH INFANT MORTALLITY. 80% OF FOLKS ARE IN AGRICULTURE.
MANY HAVE SMALL OCCUPATIONS.
THEY HAVE BAUXITE MINES AND IRON ORE AND GOLD AND DIAMONDS THEY HAVE INTERMEDIARIES SELL THEIR DIAMONDS, BEER, CIGARETTES AND SOFT DRINKS ARE MANUFACTURED HERE. BAUXITER IS THE MAIN EXPORT.
THEY STILL HAVE DOMESTIC SLAVERY. MOST PEOPLE MARRY THEIR OWN SOCIAL CLASS. MAQNY PEOPLE HAVE NO ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, WATER OR SANITATION SERVICES. SOME VILLAGES POOL THEIR RESOURCES TO BUILD SCHOOLS AND CHURCHES. THEFT IS A PROBLEM. THEIR GOVERNMENT IS HIGHLY MILITARIED. TROOPS SERVE IN THE UNITED NATIONS.
AID ORGANIZATION AND DONOR AGENCIES PLAY A LARGE ROLE . MANY ETHNIC GROUPS PRACTICE INITIATION RITES THAT RITUALIZE THE PASSAGE OF INTO ADULT HOOD. WOMEN ARE LESS EDUCATED AND LESS FINANCIALY SECURE IN ADULTHOOD. BOYS ARE MORE LIKELY TO BE EDUCATED AND HAVE MORE EMPLOYMENT OPTIONS .
THE WIFE MAY BE AN INFANT WHEN THE PARENTS DECIDE WHO SHE WILL MARRY. THE GROOM MAY BE LIVING AND WORKING APART FROM HIS WIFE WHEN SHE HAS A WEDDING CEREMONY. THE CHILDREN ARE BREAST FED AND THE MOM IS A CARETAKER AS WELL ASAUNTS AND GRADMOTHERS. THE MOM TIE'S HER BAQBY ON HER BAQCK WITH A WRAPPER AND CARRIES THE CHILD AS SHE GOES ON WITH HER LIFE. CHILDREN ARE BROUGHT UP CHILDREN ARE BROUGHT UP BY THEIR ELDERS AND THEIR PARENTS AND FRIENDS. CHILDREN DON'T CONFRONT THEIR PARENTS.
85% ARE MUSLIMS AND ONLY 8% ARE PEOPLE. MANY PRACTICE TRADITIONAL BELIEFS. THEY HAVE A THRIVING MUSIC INDUSTRY.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
Friday, March 29, 2013
Tuesday, March 26, 2013
MOZAMBIQUE CULTURE
THEIR FIRST INHABITANTS WERE HUNTERS AND GATHERERS KNOWN AS BUSHMEN. THEY WERE NOMADIC AND INTERBANTOS. ARAB TRADERS BUILT TRADING POSTS ALONG THE ALONG THE COASTS. THE FIRST PORTUGUESE EXPLORER 1498 AND THEY CONTROLLED A TRADING POSTSTHERE. THEY FORCED AFRICANS TO WORK ON FARMS AND AS GOLD MINERS. THEY CLAIMED RIGHTS TO MUCH OF THE LAND!
MOZAMBIQUE IS IN A LARGE PART DERIVED FROM ITS HISTORY OF BANTU. SWAHILL AND PORTUGUESE RULE. THEY GAINED THEY GAINED INDEPENDENCE FROM SINCE 1975. THEIR LANGUAGE IS PORTUGUESE AND THEY PRACTICE CATHOLICISM AND 40% ARE CHRISTIANS. THEY ARE CHRISTIANS
THEY HAVE A RICH HISTORY AND MANY ETHNIC GROUPS ARE ABOUT 20% ARE 20% MUSLIMS. THEIR MEDIAN LIFESPAN IS ONLY 42! THEY ALSO SPEAQK BANTU. THEY HAVE 45,000 EUROPEANS AND 15,000 SOUTH ASIANS. MANY MOZAMBIQUE PRACTICE NATIVE BELIEFS. ONLY 1/3 OF THE CHILDREN OVER AGE 15 CAN READ OR WRITE. FEW ATTEND SECONDARY SCHOOL.
THEIR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS ARE HANDMADE THE MARIMBA IS POPULAR WITH THE CHOPI IN THE SOUTH. THEIR MUSIC IS LIKE REGGAE.
ONE TRIBE MAKES MASKS USED IN RITUAL DANCES. ONE TRIBE MAKES MASKS USED IN RITUAL DANCES. THE UJAMA CARVE TOTEMS LIKE CARVINGS THAT LOOK LIKE PEOPLE'S FACES. THEY ARE CALLED FAMILY TREES.
THEY GAINED FREEDOM IN 1975 AND THEIR ART REFLECTED OPPRESSION BY THE COLONIAL POWER. AFTER INDEPENDENCE ART DURING THE 1980'S AND 1990'S DEPICTS STRUGGLE, CIVIL WAR, SUFFERING AND STARVATION. THE MOZAMBIQUE DANCES ARE RITUALISTIC IN NATURE. THEY WEAR COLORFUL MASKS AND OUTFITS.
THEIR FOOD IS RICH AND VARIED. THEY EAT SPICY STEWS ESPECIALLY WITH RICE OR STEAMED CORNMEAL DOUGH. LIKE MOST OF COASTAL AFRICA. FISH IS PART OF A NATIONAL DIET AND INCORPORATED INTO A NUMBER OF DISHES. THEY HAVE MANY FRUITS AND CITRUS SUCH AS ORANGES AND GRAPEFRUITS, BANANAS, MANGOES, COCONUTS.\\THEY WERE RULED BY PORTUGAL AND THE MOZAMBIQUE CULTURE INFLUENCED THEM AS WELL. THEY BECAME ROMAN CATHOLICS.
THEIR TERRAIN RANGES FROM RAIN FORESTS TO SWAMPS TO MOUNTAINS AND SAND DUNES. THE ZAMBEZI RIVER IS IS A GREAT RIVER POWER SOURCE SUPPLYING HYDROELECTRIC POWER THEY HAVE A WET SEASON AND A DRY SEASON APRIL THROUGH OCTOBER. DROUGHT IS COMMON AND THEY HAVE DEVASTATING FLOODS (IN 1999). THEY HAVE WILDLIFE PRESERVES FOR LARGE GAME. ANIMALS - ZEBRAS, WATER BUFFALO, ELEPHANTS, GIRRAFFES, AND LIONS.
IN 2000 THEIR POPULATION WAS 18 MILLION AND SEVERAL MILLION MOVED TO OTHER COUNTRIES. THEY HAVE 9 MAJOR ETHNIC GROUPS. ONLY IN THE 1960'S MOZAMBIQUE WAS SWEPT INTO INDEPENDENCE. AGRICULTURE IS THEIR LARGEST INDUSTRY.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
MOZAMBIQUE IS IN A LARGE PART DERIVED FROM ITS HISTORY OF BANTU. SWAHILL AND PORTUGUESE RULE. THEY GAINED THEY GAINED INDEPENDENCE FROM SINCE 1975. THEIR LANGUAGE IS PORTUGUESE AND THEY PRACTICE CATHOLICISM AND 40% ARE CHRISTIANS. THEY ARE CHRISTIANS
THEY HAVE A RICH HISTORY AND MANY ETHNIC GROUPS ARE ABOUT 20% ARE 20% MUSLIMS. THEIR MEDIAN LIFESPAN IS ONLY 42! THEY ALSO SPEAQK BANTU. THEY HAVE 45,000 EUROPEANS AND 15,000 SOUTH ASIANS. MANY MOZAMBIQUE PRACTICE NATIVE BELIEFS. ONLY 1/3 OF THE CHILDREN OVER AGE 15 CAN READ OR WRITE. FEW ATTEND SECONDARY SCHOOL.
THEIR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS ARE HANDMADE THE MARIMBA IS POPULAR WITH THE CHOPI IN THE SOUTH. THEIR MUSIC IS LIKE REGGAE.
ONE TRIBE MAKES MASKS USED IN RITUAL DANCES. ONE TRIBE MAKES MASKS USED IN RITUAL DANCES. THE UJAMA CARVE TOTEMS LIKE CARVINGS THAT LOOK LIKE PEOPLE'S FACES. THEY ARE CALLED FAMILY TREES.
THEY GAINED FREEDOM IN 1975 AND THEIR ART REFLECTED OPPRESSION BY THE COLONIAL POWER. AFTER INDEPENDENCE ART DURING THE 1980'S AND 1990'S DEPICTS STRUGGLE, CIVIL WAR, SUFFERING AND STARVATION. THE MOZAMBIQUE DANCES ARE RITUALISTIC IN NATURE. THEY WEAR COLORFUL MASKS AND OUTFITS.
THEIR FOOD IS RICH AND VARIED. THEY EAT SPICY STEWS ESPECIALLY WITH RICE OR STEAMED CORNMEAL DOUGH. LIKE MOST OF COASTAL AFRICA. FISH IS PART OF A NATIONAL DIET AND INCORPORATED INTO A NUMBER OF DISHES. THEY HAVE MANY FRUITS AND CITRUS SUCH AS ORANGES AND GRAPEFRUITS, BANANAS, MANGOES, COCONUTS.\\THEY WERE RULED BY PORTUGAL AND THE MOZAMBIQUE CULTURE INFLUENCED THEM AS WELL. THEY BECAME ROMAN CATHOLICS.
THEIR TERRAIN RANGES FROM RAIN FORESTS TO SWAMPS TO MOUNTAINS AND SAND DUNES. THE ZAMBEZI RIVER IS IS A GREAT RIVER POWER SOURCE SUPPLYING HYDROELECTRIC POWER THEY HAVE A WET SEASON AND A DRY SEASON APRIL THROUGH OCTOBER. DROUGHT IS COMMON AND THEY HAVE DEVASTATING FLOODS (IN 1999). THEY HAVE WILDLIFE PRESERVES FOR LARGE GAME. ANIMALS - ZEBRAS, WATER BUFFALO, ELEPHANTS, GIRRAFFES, AND LIONS.
IN 2000 THEIR POPULATION WAS 18 MILLION AND SEVERAL MILLION MOVED TO OTHER COUNTRIES. THEY HAVE 9 MAJOR ETHNIC GROUPS. ONLY IN THE 1960'S MOZAMBIQUE WAS SWEPT INTO INDEPENDENCE. AGRICULTURE IS THEIR LARGEST INDUSTRY.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
Monday, March 25, 2013
BOTSWANA CULTURE
THE BOTSWANA HAVE RICH CULTURAL TRADITIONS OF SETSWANA ETHNIC GROUPS. THE WOMEN ARE NOTED FOR THEIR SKILL IN CRAFTING BASKETS. FOR UNIQUE PURPOSES.
SOME OF THEIR PAINTINGS ARE FROM BOTSWANA AND SOUTH AFRICA DEPICTING HUNTING. SOME OF THEIR PAINTINGS ARE OVER 20,000 YEARS OLD.
MUSIC IS IS OMNIPRESENT IN THEIR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. CHILDREN OF ALL AGES ARE ARE TAUGHT TRADITIONAL SONGS AND DANCES.
THEIR FOLK MUSIC IS OMNIPRESENT IN THEIR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. THEIR FOLK MUSIC IS PERFORMED WITHOUT DRUMS. THEY HAVE BEEN REVITALIZING THEIR MUSIC. GUMBA IS MUSIC MIXED WITH JAZZ - A FORM OF A PARTY. THEY ALSO HAVE ROCK MUSIC. EVER SINCE 2000 A LOT OF BANDS ARE TO FIGHT AIDS.
TWO THIRDS OF THE COUNTRY IS IN THE KALAHARI DESERT.. THEY HAVE A LARGE DELTA WHERE THEY FISH AND FARM ON FLOODED BANKS. TOURISTS ARE DRAWN TO LARGE NUMBERS OF WILDLIFE THAT LIVE IN ONE AREA. THEY HAVE OVER ONE MILLION PEOPLE NOW. TASWANA INDIANS ARE SAID TO BE A MAJORITY.
ENGLISH IS THE MAIN LANGUAGE, BUT THEY HAVE MANY LANGUAGES. TTHEY SPEAK SETSWANA WHICH MEANS RAIN. IT IS THEIR TERM FOR PUBLIC CURRENCY.
THE BUSHMEN HAVE LIVED HERE FOR 1000'S OF YEARS. THEY WERE HERDERS AND AGRICULTURALISTS. TASWAN CHIEFS MOVED INTO BOTSWANA FROM THE SOUTH AND EAST. THE BRITISH CAME HERE AND MISSIONIZED THESE FOLKS AND TOOK CONTROL OF THEIR LAND IN 1885. DURING THE 1900'S TASWANA CHIEFS STRENGTHENED THEIR LAWS AND CUSTOMS.
FINALLY BY 1966 THEY HAD A PEACEFUL MOVE TO INDEPENDENCE. DIAMOND MINES WERE OPENED AND THEY HAD MORE MONEY. CERTAIN GROUPS WERE CREATED AS SUBORDINATES. BY 1990'S THEY SECURED RECOGNITION. FOR ETHNIC REVIVALISM
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
SOME OF THEIR PAINTINGS ARE FROM BOTSWANA AND SOUTH AFRICA DEPICTING HUNTING. SOME OF THEIR PAINTINGS ARE OVER 20,000 YEARS OLD.
MUSIC IS IS OMNIPRESENT IN THEIR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. CHILDREN OF ALL AGES ARE ARE TAUGHT TRADITIONAL SONGS AND DANCES.
THEIR FOLK MUSIC IS OMNIPRESENT IN THEIR EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM. THEIR FOLK MUSIC IS PERFORMED WITHOUT DRUMS. THEY HAVE BEEN REVITALIZING THEIR MUSIC. GUMBA IS MUSIC MIXED WITH JAZZ - A FORM OF A PARTY. THEY ALSO HAVE ROCK MUSIC. EVER SINCE 2000 A LOT OF BANDS ARE TO FIGHT AIDS.
TWO THIRDS OF THE COUNTRY IS IN THE KALAHARI DESERT.. THEY HAVE A LARGE DELTA WHERE THEY FISH AND FARM ON FLOODED BANKS. TOURISTS ARE DRAWN TO LARGE NUMBERS OF WILDLIFE THAT LIVE IN ONE AREA. THEY HAVE OVER ONE MILLION PEOPLE NOW. TASWANA INDIANS ARE SAID TO BE A MAJORITY.
ENGLISH IS THE MAIN LANGUAGE, BUT THEY HAVE MANY LANGUAGES. TTHEY SPEAK SETSWANA WHICH MEANS RAIN. IT IS THEIR TERM FOR PUBLIC CURRENCY.
THE BUSHMEN HAVE LIVED HERE FOR 1000'S OF YEARS. THEY WERE HERDERS AND AGRICULTURALISTS. TASWAN CHIEFS MOVED INTO BOTSWANA FROM THE SOUTH AND EAST. THE BRITISH CAME HERE AND MISSIONIZED THESE FOLKS AND TOOK CONTROL OF THEIR LAND IN 1885. DURING THE 1900'S TASWANA CHIEFS STRENGTHENED THEIR LAWS AND CUSTOMS.
FINALLY BY 1966 THEY HAD A PEACEFUL MOVE TO INDEPENDENCE. DIAMOND MINES WERE OPENED AND THEY HAD MORE MONEY. CERTAIN GROUPS WERE CREATED AS SUBORDINATES. BY 1990'S THEY SECURED RECOGNITION. FOR ETHNIC REVIVALISM
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
WHAT I LEARNED FROM CHURCH
WHAT I LEARNED FROM CHURCH IS TO BE A HUMAN BEING. THAT IS WE SHOULD NOT BE TOO CONCERNED ABOUT THE DOING PART. THIS IS PART OF OUR MEDITATION VIGIL.
BASALT PAVING STONES
THE ITALIANS HAND DUG AND CUT BASALT PAVING STONES FROM ANNADEL STATE PARK WHICH IS NOW OPERATED BY THE COUNTY. I HAD INVENTORIED MANY HISTORIC AND PREHISTORIC SITES THERE IN EARLY 1980'S. THE ITALIANS IMMIGRATED HERE IN 1880'S TO GROW GRAPES. SOME WERE GOOD STONE MASONS. THEY NAMED ONE TRAIL COBBLESTONE TRAIL. THESE STONE WERE MINED AND CUT HERE AND PLACED ON ON RAILROAD CARS TO PAVE STREETS OF SAN FRANCISCO, SANTA ROSA, AND PETALUMA.
BLOCK MAKERS WERE CALLED QUARRY MEN WHO B;LASTED FROM THE HILLSIDE WITH EXPLOSIVES. THEY HAD GRAVITY RUN RAILROADS THAT TOOK THE BLOCKS TO THE TRAIN AT MELITA, ANNADEL STATIONS, AND KENWOOD DEPOT. SOME OF SANTA ROSA BUILDINGS WERE MADE FROM STONES FROM ANNADEL HOTEL LA ROSE AND THE RAILROAD DEPOT NEARBY WHICH IS NOW THE TOWN VISITOR CENTER. THE STONES WERE ALSO USED ON JACK LONDON'S WOLF HOUSE THAT BURNED. AFTER THE 1920'S COBBLESTONE WAS REPLACED BY PAVED AND GRAVEL ROADS.
MONITOR.NET
BLOCK MAKERS WERE CALLED QUARRY MEN WHO B;LASTED FROM THE HILLSIDE WITH EXPLOSIVES. THEY HAD GRAVITY RUN RAILROADS THAT TOOK THE BLOCKS TO THE TRAIN AT MELITA, ANNADEL STATIONS, AND KENWOOD DEPOT. SOME OF SANTA ROSA BUILDINGS WERE MADE FROM STONES FROM ANNADEL HOTEL LA ROSE AND THE RAILROAD DEPOT NEARBY WHICH IS NOW THE TOWN VISITOR CENTER. THE STONES WERE ALSO USED ON JACK LONDON'S WOLF HOUSE THAT BURNED. AFTER THE 1920'S COBBLESTONE WAS REPLACED BY PAVED AND GRAVEL ROADS.
MONITOR.NET
Friday, March 22, 2013
GABON CULTURE
GABON IS A COUNTRY ON THE WEST SIDE OF COAST OF AFRICA. IN THE 1800'S THE CAPITAL WAS THE LANDINGPLACE OF FREED SLAVES. THERE ARE 9 PROVINCES NAMED AFTER THE RIVERS THAT SEPARATE THEM.. THERE ARE OVER 1 MILLION GABONESE. ORIGINALLY THERE WERE PYGMIES, ONLY A FEW 1000 REMAIN. THEIR GABON LANGUAGE IS FRENCH. MOST FOLKS KNOW TWO LANGUAGES.
TOOLS FROM STONE AGE INDICATE VERY EARLY HUMAN USE.MYENE CAME IN THE 13TH CENTURY AS A FISHING VILLAGE ON THE COAST. DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS CAME AND WENT SEPARATED FROM EACH OTHER. BY THE 15TH CENTURY EUROPEANS CAME AND USED THE SLAVE TRADE. FOR 350 YEARS. IN 1866 FRENCH BROUGHT A GOVERNOR AND GABON WAS PART OF FRENCH EQUATORIAL ZONE. UNTIL 1960 GABON WAS STILL FRENCH EQUATORIAL ZONE. UNTIL 1960.
GABON WAS STILL FRENCH TERRITORY. THEY HAVE MANY CEREMONIES AND ARE SPIRITUAL. THEY HAVE NO MAJOR INTERCONFLICTS BETWEEN THE GROUPS AND INTERMARRIAGE IS COMMON.
URBAN INNER WEALTH AS CEMENT BUILDINGS TAKE OVER. YET IN THEIR VILLAGES THEIR ECONOMICA HOUSES ARE FROM MUD AND COVERED WITH PALM FRONDS. SOME HOUSES ARE WOOD BARK AND BRICK. WEALTHY FAMILIES MIGHT BUILD WITH BRICKS. IN ADDITION TO HOUSES MEN AND WOMEN HAVE DIFFERENT GATHERING PLACES. WOMEN HAVE A KITCHENS FILLED WITH POTS AND BAMBOO RESTING AREAS. MEN HAVE OPEN AREAS WITH LINED BENCHES AND A CENTRAL FIRE.
STAPLES VARY. THJEY EAT BANANAS, PAPAYAS, PINEAPPLES, GUAVAS, MANGOES, AVACADOES AND OTHER FRUITS. EGGPLANT, FEED CORN, PLAINTAINS, PEANUTS, AND CASSAVA AND TENTER. THEY FISHED AND HAD A LOT OF MEAT.
WINE IS FROM PALM TREES AND SUGAR. AOYA IS A HALLUCINOGENIC ROOT FOR CEREMONIES AND DEATH.. IT ACTS AS A STIMULANT. IN LARGE QUANTITIES IT ALLOWS PEOPLE TO SEE THEIR ANCESTORS. THEY OFFER DRUM AND SINGING AND DANCE. 90% OF THEIR FOOD IS IMPORTED,
EACH VILLAGE OWNS THREE SQUARE MILES PROPERTY IS PASSED DOWNTHEIR CHILDREN. IT HAS MANY RICHES. IT PRODUCES THE WORLDS LARGEST AMOUNT OF LARGEST AMOUNT OF MANGANESE. OIL IS A MAJOR EXPORT. LEAD AND SILVER HAVE ALSO BEEN DISCOVERED. IRON ORE IS NOT MINED. FRANCE STILL RECEIVES MORE THAN 1/3OF GABON'S EXPORTED GOODS.
IT HAS HALF OF ITS IMPORTS. IN 2000 60% WERE IN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR. 30% IN SERVICE AND 10% IN AGRICULTURE. 30% IN SERVICE AND 10% IN gRICULTURE . tHEY HAVE SOCIOLOGICAL AND WILDLIFE PRESERVATION PROJECTS IN THE NORTH AND ON THE COAST. THE PEACE CORP IS ACTIVE HERE.
THEY PRACTICE POLYGYNY BUT IT IS EXPENSIVE. DIVORCE IS UNCOMMON. SOME WOMEN CHOOSE MEN AND MEN CHOOSE WOMEN. MOST EVERYONE IS MARRIED. IT IS CO0MMON TO A HOME WHERE A HOME WITH THEIR PARENTS. AND EXTENDED RELATIVES.
WITHIN EACH GROUP OR TRIBES, TRIBES LIVE IN THE SAME AREA. CHILDREN ARE RAISED BY NEIGHBORING SIBLINGS/COMMMUNUALLY. THEY START SCHOOL BY AGE 5 OR 6.
GABONESE ARE VERY COMMUNAL. THEY HAVE SEVERAL DIFFERENT BELIEF SYSTEMS. MOST ARE CHRISTIANS. THERE ARE 3 TIMES AS MANY ROMAN CATHOLICS. AS PROTESTANTS. BEVITI IS AN ANCESTRAL WORSHIP. THERE ARE 2000 MUSLIMS.
EVERYCULTURE.ORG
TOOLS FROM STONE AGE INDICATE VERY EARLY HUMAN USE.MYENE CAME IN THE 13TH CENTURY AS A FISHING VILLAGE ON THE COAST. DIFFERENT ETHNIC GROUPS CAME AND WENT SEPARATED FROM EACH OTHER. BY THE 15TH CENTURY EUROPEANS CAME AND USED THE SLAVE TRADE. FOR 350 YEARS. IN 1866 FRENCH BROUGHT A GOVERNOR AND GABON WAS PART OF FRENCH EQUATORIAL ZONE. UNTIL 1960 GABON WAS STILL FRENCH EQUATORIAL ZONE. UNTIL 1960.
GABON WAS STILL FRENCH TERRITORY. THEY HAVE MANY CEREMONIES AND ARE SPIRITUAL. THEY HAVE NO MAJOR INTERCONFLICTS BETWEEN THE GROUPS AND INTERMARRIAGE IS COMMON.
URBAN INNER WEALTH AS CEMENT BUILDINGS TAKE OVER. YET IN THEIR VILLAGES THEIR ECONOMICA HOUSES ARE FROM MUD AND COVERED WITH PALM FRONDS. SOME HOUSES ARE WOOD BARK AND BRICK. WEALTHY FAMILIES MIGHT BUILD WITH BRICKS. IN ADDITION TO HOUSES MEN AND WOMEN HAVE DIFFERENT GATHERING PLACES. WOMEN HAVE A KITCHENS FILLED WITH POTS AND BAMBOO RESTING AREAS. MEN HAVE OPEN AREAS WITH LINED BENCHES AND A CENTRAL FIRE.
STAPLES VARY. THJEY EAT BANANAS, PAPAYAS, PINEAPPLES, GUAVAS, MANGOES, AVACADOES AND OTHER FRUITS. EGGPLANT, FEED CORN, PLAINTAINS, PEANUTS, AND CASSAVA AND TENTER. THEY FISHED AND HAD A LOT OF MEAT.
WINE IS FROM PALM TREES AND SUGAR. AOYA IS A HALLUCINOGENIC ROOT FOR CEREMONIES AND DEATH.. IT ACTS AS A STIMULANT. IN LARGE QUANTITIES IT ALLOWS PEOPLE TO SEE THEIR ANCESTORS. THEY OFFER DRUM AND SINGING AND DANCE. 90% OF THEIR FOOD IS IMPORTED,
EACH VILLAGE OWNS THREE SQUARE MILES PROPERTY IS PASSED DOWNTHEIR CHILDREN. IT HAS MANY RICHES. IT PRODUCES THE WORLDS LARGEST AMOUNT OF LARGEST AMOUNT OF MANGANESE. OIL IS A MAJOR EXPORT. LEAD AND SILVER HAVE ALSO BEEN DISCOVERED. IRON ORE IS NOT MINED. FRANCE STILL RECEIVES MORE THAN 1/3OF GABON'S EXPORTED GOODS.
IT HAS HALF OF ITS IMPORTS. IN 2000 60% WERE IN INDUSTRIAL SECTOR. 30% IN SERVICE AND 10% IN AGRICULTURE. 30% IN SERVICE AND 10% IN gRICULTURE . tHEY HAVE SOCIOLOGICAL AND WILDLIFE PRESERVATION PROJECTS IN THE NORTH AND ON THE COAST. THE PEACE CORP IS ACTIVE HERE.
THEY PRACTICE POLYGYNY BUT IT IS EXPENSIVE. DIVORCE IS UNCOMMON. SOME WOMEN CHOOSE MEN AND MEN CHOOSE WOMEN. MOST EVERYONE IS MARRIED. IT IS CO0MMON TO A HOME WHERE A HOME WITH THEIR PARENTS. AND EXTENDED RELATIVES.
WITHIN EACH GROUP OR TRIBES, TRIBES LIVE IN THE SAME AREA. CHILDREN ARE RAISED BY NEIGHBORING SIBLINGS/COMMMUNUALLY. THEY START SCHOOL BY AGE 5 OR 6.
GABONESE ARE VERY COMMUNAL. THEY HAVE SEVERAL DIFFERENT BELIEF SYSTEMS. MOST ARE CHRISTIANS. THERE ARE 3 TIMES AS MANY ROMAN CATHOLICS. AS PROTESTANTS. BEVITI IS AN ANCESTRAL WORSHIP. THERE ARE 2000 MUSLIMS.
EVERYCULTURE.ORG
BANGLADESH CULTURE
THE COUNTRY HAS A LONG HISTORY IN CULTURES. THEY HAVE MAJOR DIFFERENCES FROM THEIR NEIGHBORS. THE BENGAL RENNAISSANCE HAD AN INFLUX TO VARIOUS RELIGIONS - HINDU, JAMISM, BUDDISM, ISLAM AND CHRISTIANITY.
THEIR MUSIC AND DANCES ARE IN 3 CATEGORIES - CLASSICAL, FOLK, AND MODERN. THEY HAVE AGREGATE FESTIVALS AND CARNIVALS DURING THE YEAR.
THE MOST IMPORTANT RELIGIOUS CELEBRATION IS EID UL-FITR, A THREE DAY FESTIVAL. PEOPLE GO TO CHURCHES, OUTDOORS OR MOSQUES.THEN THEY VISIT EACH OTHER'S HOUSES AND SHARE SWEETS. THEY HAVE BOAT RACES, CRICKET AND FOOTBALL, WATCH MOVIES OR PLAY MUSIC . IT SEEMS LIKE DAYS TO TAQKE IT EASY. THEY SOMETIMES SACRIFICE A DOMESTIC ANIMAL. A LARGE PORTION OF MEAT IS GIVEN TO THE POOR PEOPLE. MANY FOLKS IN THE CITY GO TOTHEIR ANCESTRAL HOUSES (BOHELA-BOIS-SHAKH) TO SHARE THE FESTIVAL WITH FRIENDS. IT TAKES PLACE ON APRIL 4TH AND IS THE START DAY OF THE CROPS. HOUSES ARE CLEANED. AND PEOPLE BOTH EARLY AND LATE DRESS NICELY. THEY HAVE A VISIT WITH THEIR NEIGHBORS AND A PARACLE AND A FRIEND. THEY HAVE FAIRS WITH ENTERTAINMENT. AND SINGERS AND DANCERS WITH SONGS AND HORSE RACES, BULLFIGHTS, AND BOAT RACES. IN 1952 THE MIDDLE CLASS OF BANGLADESH AGITATED A MOVEMENT SO THEY COULD HAVE FREEDOM AND LIVE INDEPENDANTLY IN 1971 .
THE BRIDES HAS HER BODY PAINTED IN TUMERIC DESIGNS ON HER BODY. HENNA DECORATES HER HANDS AND FEET. THE BRIDE'S FAMILY ARRANGES THE WEDDING. THE BRIDE'S SIDE OF THE FAMILY TRIES TO PLAY A PRACTICAL JOKE ON THE FAMILY. THE YOUNGER MEMBERS OF THE BRIDE'S FAMILY CHARGE THE GROOM MONEY TO COME TO THE EVNT. THEY HAVE A FAMILY GIVEN BY THE GROOM'S FAMILY. IT IS ONLY THE SECOND BEST WEDDING OUTFIT WORN AND IS A RELAXED AFFAIR.
BANGLADESH HAS APPEALING ARCHITECTURE FROM HISTORIC TREASURES TO CONTEMPORTARY LANDMARKS. THEY HAVE OLD TEMPLES AND AS A TRIBUTE TO LIBERATION WAR MARTYRS.
THEY PLAY LIVE CRICKETT SINCE 2000 AND ENJOY WATCHING LIVE FOOTBALL.
ABOUT 98% OF BANGLADESH ARE MUSLIMS WITH SOME BUDDISTS. DIFFERENT RELIGIONS ARE PERFORMED WITH FESTIVITY IN BANGLADESH.
THE COUNTRY IS FAMOUS ITS CULINARY TRADITIONS. THEY EAT BOILED RICE WITH VEGETABLES AND FRIED RICE WITH CURRY, THICK LENTIL SOUPS, FISH, MUTTON, BEEF, CHICKEN. THEY EAT SOME SOME VARIOUS INDIAN LOOKING DISHES (CHOM-CHOM) IT IS VARIED WITH WITH DIFFERENT SPICES. THEY EAT 40 TYPES OF FISH AND GROWCROPS.
BANGLADESH WOMEN WEAVE THE FABRIC FOR THEIR DRESS SHARES OR DESIGNER DESINER SHARES. THE MEN WEAR KURTA ON CERTAIN OCCASIONS.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
THEIR MUSIC AND DANCES ARE IN 3 CATEGORIES - CLASSICAL, FOLK, AND MODERN. THEY HAVE AGREGATE FESTIVALS AND CARNIVALS DURING THE YEAR.
THE MOST IMPORTANT RELIGIOUS CELEBRATION IS EID UL-FITR, A THREE DAY FESTIVAL. PEOPLE GO TO CHURCHES, OUTDOORS OR MOSQUES.THEN THEY VISIT EACH OTHER'S HOUSES AND SHARE SWEETS. THEY HAVE BOAT RACES, CRICKET AND FOOTBALL, WATCH MOVIES OR PLAY MUSIC . IT SEEMS LIKE DAYS TO TAQKE IT EASY. THEY SOMETIMES SACRIFICE A DOMESTIC ANIMAL. A LARGE PORTION OF MEAT IS GIVEN TO THE POOR PEOPLE. MANY FOLKS IN THE CITY GO TOTHEIR ANCESTRAL HOUSES (BOHELA-BOIS-SHAKH) TO SHARE THE FESTIVAL WITH FRIENDS. IT TAKES PLACE ON APRIL 4TH AND IS THE START DAY OF THE CROPS. HOUSES ARE CLEANED. AND PEOPLE BOTH EARLY AND LATE DRESS NICELY. THEY HAVE A VISIT WITH THEIR NEIGHBORS AND A PARACLE AND A FRIEND. THEY HAVE FAIRS WITH ENTERTAINMENT. AND SINGERS AND DANCERS WITH SONGS AND HORSE RACES, BULLFIGHTS, AND BOAT RACES. IN 1952 THE MIDDLE CLASS OF BANGLADESH AGITATED A MOVEMENT SO THEY COULD HAVE FREEDOM AND LIVE INDEPENDANTLY IN 1971 .
THE BRIDES HAS HER BODY PAINTED IN TUMERIC DESIGNS ON HER BODY. HENNA DECORATES HER HANDS AND FEET. THE BRIDE'S FAMILY ARRANGES THE WEDDING. THE BRIDE'S SIDE OF THE FAMILY TRIES TO PLAY A PRACTICAL JOKE ON THE FAMILY. THE YOUNGER MEMBERS OF THE BRIDE'S FAMILY CHARGE THE GROOM MONEY TO COME TO THE EVNT. THEY HAVE A FAMILY GIVEN BY THE GROOM'S FAMILY. IT IS ONLY THE SECOND BEST WEDDING OUTFIT WORN AND IS A RELAXED AFFAIR.
BANGLADESH HAS APPEALING ARCHITECTURE FROM HISTORIC TREASURES TO CONTEMPORTARY LANDMARKS. THEY HAVE OLD TEMPLES AND AS A TRIBUTE TO LIBERATION WAR MARTYRS.
THEY PLAY LIVE CRICKETT SINCE 2000 AND ENJOY WATCHING LIVE FOOTBALL.
ABOUT 98% OF BANGLADESH ARE MUSLIMS WITH SOME BUDDISTS. DIFFERENT RELIGIONS ARE PERFORMED WITH FESTIVITY IN BANGLADESH.
THE COUNTRY IS FAMOUS ITS CULINARY TRADITIONS. THEY EAT BOILED RICE WITH VEGETABLES AND FRIED RICE WITH CURRY, THICK LENTIL SOUPS, FISH, MUTTON, BEEF, CHICKEN. THEY EAT SOME SOME VARIOUS INDIAN LOOKING DISHES (CHOM-CHOM) IT IS VARIED WITH WITH DIFFERENT SPICES. THEY EAT 40 TYPES OF FISH AND GROWCROPS.
BANGLADESH WOMEN WEAVE THE FABRIC FOR THEIR DRESS SHARES OR DESIGNER DESINER SHARES. THE MEN WEAR KURTA ON CERTAIN OCCASIONS.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
Thursday, March 21, 2013
LABYRINTHS
I HAVE WALKED ON SEVERAL LABYRINTHS AND FOUND THEM TO BE TRANCE-LIKE. ONE AT BISHOP'S RANCH HAS MEDICINAL PLANTS THERE, A CORN MAZE WAS DEFINITELY DIFFICULT TO MANUEVER THROUGH, A ONE AT GRACE CATHEDRAL IN SAN FRANCISCO. WHILE I WALKED AT GRACE'S CATHEDRAL I WASA LIFE COACH ATTENDING A CONFERENCE. I MET SOME WOMEN WHO WERE FIGHTING CANCER. IT WAS SAD TO SEE SO MANY WOMEN WHO HAD CANCER BUT THEY HAD MADE FRIENDS THERE. LABYRINTHS ORIGINATED FROM GREEK MYTHOLOGY DESIGNED FOR A KING. IT WAS A PLACE TO HOLD A MYTHIC CREATURE, HALF MAN AND HALF BULL WHO WAS KILLED BY AN AETHENIAN HERO. HE BUILT THE MAIZE CUNNINGLY THAT HE COULD HARDLY ESCAPE IT AFTER HE BUILT IT!
HISTORICALLY THEY ARE USED IN RITUAL AND PRIVATE MEDITATION. THE WORD IS ACTUALLY PRE GREEK AND SOME FOLKS HAVE RECORDED ROCK DRAWINGS WITH MAZES IN ITALY. NATIVE AMERICANS USED LABYRINTHS AS WELL. ONE EXAMPLE IS I'TOI, THE MAN IN THE MAZE OF THE TOHONO OODHAM IN THE SOUTHWEST. LABYRINTHS ARE BOTH INTERESTING TO SEE AND MY CHURCH HAS MEDITATIONS USING THE ROCK FORMATIONS IN CERTAIN RETREATS.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
HISTORICALLY THEY ARE USED IN RITUAL AND PRIVATE MEDITATION. THE WORD IS ACTUALLY PRE GREEK AND SOME FOLKS HAVE RECORDED ROCK DRAWINGS WITH MAZES IN ITALY. NATIVE AMERICANS USED LABYRINTHS AS WELL. ONE EXAMPLE IS I'TOI, THE MAN IN THE MAZE OF THE TOHONO OODHAM IN THE SOUTHWEST. LABYRINTHS ARE BOTH INTERESTING TO SEE AND MY CHURCH HAS MEDITATIONS USING THE ROCK FORMATIONS IN CERTAIN RETREATS.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
NAMBIA CULTURE
WAS COLONIZED BY GERMANY AND SOUTHWEST AFRICA. SOME FOLKS OPPOSED COLONIAL RULE USED THE COASTAL DESERT FROM ACCESS BY THE SEA. MANY PEOPLE WERE DISPOSSED OF THEIR LANDS TO RESERVES ESTABLISHED FOR EACH ETHNIC GROUP. ONLY BY 1990DID NAMBIA BECAME AN INDEPENDANT NATION.
NAMBIA LIES ON THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF AFRICA. THEY HAVE MANY FISHING GROUNDS AND A DEEP HARBOR. THEY ONLY HAVE ABOUT 1.76 MILLION FOLKS WITH MOST FOLKS UNDER 14.
THEY HAVE INDO EUROPEAN LAMPS ORIGINALLY NAMIBIA WAS WHERE NOMADIC HUNTERS AND GATHERES NOMADIC HUNTERS AND GATHERS NOMADIC HUNTERS AND GATHERS AND LIVESTOCK HERDERS LIVE. AGRICULTURAL AND PASTORALISTS WHO SPEAK BANTU LANGUAGES WERE HERE IN THE 15TH AND 17TH CENTURY. DIFFERENT GROUPS WERE LINKED BY TRADE RELATIONS..
EUROPEAN TRADERS AND CAME IN THE 1850'S . SOME EUROPEANS GERMANS SETTLED HERE IN 1907. SOME WORKED HER ON FARMS. SOME NAMBIA WERE FORCED TO BE CONTRACT LABORERS. THERE WAS DISAGREEMENT AND REPRESSION FROM VARIOUS GROUPS IN THIS NATION. GERMANS MIXED WITH AFRICANS. THERE WERE VARIOUS CROSSES BETWEEN CULTURES MIXED RACE FOR FOLKS FOR AREAS. THEY HAD A RAPID URBAN GROWTH THAT LED TO PROBLEM IN UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT AND CRIMES.
AS AGRICULTURE GREW FROM HUNTING AND GATHERING, MILLET AND SORGUM AND BEANS, GREEN BEANS WERE EATEN WITH MILLET IN THE NORTH. THEY EAT AND PROMOTE CATTLE BY KILLING CATTLE OR GOATS AND HOME BREWED BEER. IN SOME CULTURES LEFT OVER MEAT IS SENT HOME WITH GUESTS.
LABOR INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE EMPLOYS 1/2 OF THE POPULATION.. MOST FARMERS RELY ON THE SMALL SCALE COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES TO MAKE ENDS MEAT. MOST OF THE FOLKS IN MAMBIA ARE BASED ON PRIVATE PROPERTY AND THERE IS CONTROVERSY OF PRIVATE USE BY THE WEALTHY AND THE EXTENSIVE OWNERSHIP OF LAND BY THE WHITES.
IN SMALL SCALE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY IS WIDESPREAD. THEY
HAVE HOME BREWED ALCOHOL AND FRESH MEAT AND CRAFTS ARE SOLD.. SOME BY GOODS IN SMALL SHOPS. THEY BY OTHER GOODS IN SMALL SHOPS. THEY MINE DIAMONDS, GEMS, AND URANIUMS AND FISHING HAVE BEEN THEIR ECONOMIC MAINSTAY. TOURISM HAS GROWN SUBSTANTIALLY. THEY MAINLY EXPORT TO ENGLAND , S AFRICA, AND SPAIN.
WHITE FOLKS , 7% OF THE POPULATION MOST BUSINESSES AND FARMS. THE RURAL AREAS CLOSE KINSHIP TIES.
IN 1980'S NON GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS FORMED TO ASSIST THE SOCIAL PROBLEMS. LUCKILY THE GOVERNMENT CREATED FAVORABLE GOVERNMENT CLIMATE FOR THESE GROUPS.
WEDDINGS ARE VERY IMPORTANT SOCIAL EVENTS IN MAMBUQ WHERE THEY DANCE AND FEAST AND HAVE OLD TRADITIONS IN A CHURCH. MOST HOUSES HAVE EXTENDED FAMILIES. BABIES ARE BREAST FED AND STAY WITH THE MOM UNTIL 2 YEARS OLD.PARENTS HAVE MUCH HELP WITH RAISING THEIR FAMILIES. EDUCATION IS HIGHLY VALUED BUT MOST FOLKS ONLY GO THROUGH PRIMARY SCHOOL BECAUSE OF EXPENSE.
HANDSHAKES ARE VERY IMPORTANT IN MOST MANIBIAN CULTURES. A SMALL PERCENT OF THE POPULATION PRACTICES TYPICAL TRADITIONAL RELIGION., BUT MOST ARE CHRISTIAN AND LUTHERAN. EASTER AND CHRISTMAS ARE HOLIDAYS THAT FAMILIES GET TOGETHER.
THEIR HEALTH CARE HAS STATE OF THE ART PRIVATE HOSPITALS TO CHURCH RUN CLINICS. THEY ALSO USE TRADITIONAL HEALERS, ESPECIALLY WHEN BIOMEDICINE HAS BEEN UNSUCCESSFUL.
MALARIA IS COMMON IN THE NORTH AND 10% SUFFER FROM MALNUTRITION AND 25% OF ADULTS HAVE AIDS.
MANY FOLKS CRAFT BASKETS AND SOME HAVE FORMED ORGANIZATIONS WITH THE MARKETING OF CARVINGS, ETC. TOP THE TOURIST TRADE. SCHOOL AND CRAFTS PEOPLE PRODUCE OBJECTS FOR LOCAL USE.
EVRYCULTURE.ORG
NAMBIA LIES ON THE SOUTHWEST COAST OF AFRICA. THEY HAVE MANY FISHING GROUNDS AND A DEEP HARBOR. THEY ONLY HAVE ABOUT 1.76 MILLION FOLKS WITH MOST FOLKS UNDER 14.
THEY HAVE INDO EUROPEAN LAMPS ORIGINALLY NAMIBIA WAS WHERE NOMADIC HUNTERS AND GATHERES NOMADIC HUNTERS AND GATHERS NOMADIC HUNTERS AND GATHERS AND LIVESTOCK HERDERS LIVE. AGRICULTURAL AND PASTORALISTS WHO SPEAK BANTU LANGUAGES WERE HERE IN THE 15TH AND 17TH CENTURY. DIFFERENT GROUPS WERE LINKED BY TRADE RELATIONS..
EUROPEAN TRADERS AND CAME IN THE 1850'S . SOME EUROPEANS GERMANS SETTLED HERE IN 1907. SOME WORKED HER ON FARMS. SOME NAMBIA WERE FORCED TO BE CONTRACT LABORERS. THERE WAS DISAGREEMENT AND REPRESSION FROM VARIOUS GROUPS IN THIS NATION. GERMANS MIXED WITH AFRICANS. THERE WERE VARIOUS CROSSES BETWEEN CULTURES MIXED RACE FOR FOLKS FOR AREAS. THEY HAD A RAPID URBAN GROWTH THAT LED TO PROBLEM IN UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT AND CRIMES.
AS AGRICULTURE GREW FROM HUNTING AND GATHERING, MILLET AND SORGUM AND BEANS, GREEN BEANS WERE EATEN WITH MILLET IN THE NORTH. THEY EAT AND PROMOTE CATTLE BY KILLING CATTLE OR GOATS AND HOME BREWED BEER. IN SOME CULTURES LEFT OVER MEAT IS SENT HOME WITH GUESTS.
LABOR INTENSIVE AGRICULTURE EMPLOYS 1/2 OF THE POPULATION.. MOST FARMERS RELY ON THE SMALL SCALE COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES TO MAKE ENDS MEAT. MOST OF THE FOLKS IN MAMBIA ARE BASED ON PRIVATE PROPERTY AND THERE IS CONTROVERSY OF PRIVATE USE BY THE WEALTHY AND THE EXTENSIVE OWNERSHIP OF LAND BY THE WHITES.
IN SMALL SCALE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY IS WIDESPREAD. THEY
HAVE HOME BREWED ALCOHOL AND FRESH MEAT AND CRAFTS ARE SOLD.. SOME BY GOODS IN SMALL SHOPS. THEY BY OTHER GOODS IN SMALL SHOPS. THEY MINE DIAMONDS, GEMS, AND URANIUMS AND FISHING HAVE BEEN THEIR ECONOMIC MAINSTAY. TOURISM HAS GROWN SUBSTANTIALLY. THEY MAINLY EXPORT TO ENGLAND , S AFRICA, AND SPAIN.
WHITE FOLKS , 7% OF THE POPULATION MOST BUSINESSES AND FARMS. THE RURAL AREAS CLOSE KINSHIP TIES.
IN 1980'S NON GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS FORMED TO ASSIST THE SOCIAL PROBLEMS. LUCKILY THE GOVERNMENT CREATED FAVORABLE GOVERNMENT CLIMATE FOR THESE GROUPS.
WEDDINGS ARE VERY IMPORTANT SOCIAL EVENTS IN MAMBUQ WHERE THEY DANCE AND FEAST AND HAVE OLD TRADITIONS IN A CHURCH. MOST HOUSES HAVE EXTENDED FAMILIES. BABIES ARE BREAST FED AND STAY WITH THE MOM UNTIL 2 YEARS OLD.PARENTS HAVE MUCH HELP WITH RAISING THEIR FAMILIES. EDUCATION IS HIGHLY VALUED BUT MOST FOLKS ONLY GO THROUGH PRIMARY SCHOOL BECAUSE OF EXPENSE.
HANDSHAKES ARE VERY IMPORTANT IN MOST MANIBIAN CULTURES. A SMALL PERCENT OF THE POPULATION PRACTICES TYPICAL TRADITIONAL RELIGION., BUT MOST ARE CHRISTIAN AND LUTHERAN. EASTER AND CHRISTMAS ARE HOLIDAYS THAT FAMILIES GET TOGETHER.
THEIR HEALTH CARE HAS STATE OF THE ART PRIVATE HOSPITALS TO CHURCH RUN CLINICS. THEY ALSO USE TRADITIONAL HEALERS, ESPECIALLY WHEN BIOMEDICINE HAS BEEN UNSUCCESSFUL.
MALARIA IS COMMON IN THE NORTH AND 10% SUFFER FROM MALNUTRITION AND 25% OF ADULTS HAVE AIDS.
MANY FOLKS CRAFT BASKETS AND SOME HAVE FORMED ORGANIZATIONS WITH THE MARKETING OF CARVINGS, ETC. TOP THE TOURIST TRADE. SCHOOL AND CRAFTS PEOPLE PRODUCE OBJECTS FOR LOCAL USE.
EVRYCULTURE.ORG
Tuesday, March 19, 2013
ZAMBIA CULTURE
THEIR NAME ZAMBIA COMES FROM THE RIVER. THEY HAVE VICTORIA FALLS IN THE SOUTH AND IT FLOWS INTO A LAKE AND THEN THE INDIAN OCEAN. THIS COUNTRY IS AS BIG AS TEXAS. IT HAS SEVERAL LAKES. ZAMBIA HAS 6000' MOUNTAINS., LARGE SAVANNAHS AND PICTUREQUE VICTORIA FALLS.
ZAMBIA'S POPULATION IS 9.9 MILLION TODAY. MANY FOLKS (45%) MIGRATE TO URBAN AREAS TO LOCATE JOBS. RURAL FOLKS DO SUBSISTENCE FARMING.
THEY HAVE 7 MAIN TRIBES. SOME FOLKS HAVE MOVED HERE FROM NEARBY AREAS. THERE HAVE BEEN RECENT CONFLICTSAND INFLUX OF REFUGEES IN RECENT YEARS. THE FOLKS HERE SPEAK ENGLISH BUT THEY ALSO HAVE MANY TRIBAL LANGUAGES. THIS COUNTRY IS KNOWN FOR ITS RICH WILDLIFE AND LANDSCAPES. COPPER IS A RICH RESOUCES. COPPER IS A RICH RESOURCE THERE.
HUMAN SETTLEMENT IS ABOUT THREE MILLION YEARS AGO! SOME SITES DATE 60,000 YEARS AGO. BETWEEN 1500 -1800 THE LUBA PEOPLE BECAME A POWERFUL GROUP. BY LATE 1800'S PORTUGUESE TRADERS ESTABLISHED TRADE WITH SOME TRIBES. THE MAIN ITEMS WERE GOLD IVORY AND SLAVES. MISSIONARIES WERE WORKING TO STOP THE SLAVE TRADE AND TRIED TO PREVENT THE THE PORT FROM THE PORT FROM OCCUPYING LAND.
CECIL RHODES FOUNDED A BRITISH COMPANY AND BECAME A WEALTHY MAN. IN 1898 QUEEN VICTORIAGAVE HIM A CHARTER TO GOVERN ZAMBIA UNDER BRITISH FORCES. HE ESTABLISHED HEADQUARTERS IN LIVINGSTONE AS HE BELIEVED GOLD AND OTHER MINERALS WERE VALUABLE. LARGE COPPER AND GOLD DEPOSITS WERE MINED BY THE BRITISH IN 1929 TO 1950'S AS THE ZAMBIANS CAME HERE TO FILL THESE JOBS.
FINALLY BY 1953 FEVER SWEPT THROUGH ZAMBIA A UNITED NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE PARTY. BY 1964 THEY GAINED INDEPENDENCE THROUGH THROUGH CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE.
TRADITIONALLY THEY BUILT HOMES BASED ON AVAILABLE MATERIALS. BASKET WEAVING CONSTRUCTION WAS IN THE THE EAST OF THE ZAMBIA. MUD COVERED SMALL BRANCHES AND CAN BE FOUND IN THE REST OF ZAMBIA. MOST ROOFS ARE POLES AND THATCH. SOME FOLKS BUILT RECTANGULAR HOUSES. THE CHEWA FAVOR CIRCULAR STRUCTURES.
WHEN MISSIONARIES AND EUROPEANS CAME THE CHEWA FAVORED WESTERN STRUCTURES. THEY INRODUCED BRICK AND USED TO BUILD SQUARE STRUCTURES. THE COLONISTS BUILT WOOD FRAME STRUCTURES. THE COLONISTS BUILT WOOD FRAMSTRUCTURS WITH METAL ROOFS. THESE HOUSES WERE QUITE HOTR WITH LARGE ROOFS AND MUCH VENTILATION. THE BRITISH ESTABLISHED OVERSEAS MANAGEMENT AREAS FOR GOVERNMENT. CHEWA WOULD FORM A VILLAGE IN A MOON SHAPE WITH THE CHIEF'S LODGING IN THE CENTER. THE LEOZI DEVELOPED LARGE HOMESTEADS IN A FENCE. IT PROTECTED THEM.
THEIR FOOD DEPENDED UPON THE SEASON AND LOCATION. CORN IS THEIR MAIN STAPLE. THEY MADE MEALIE MEAL - A DRIED AND POUNDED CORN WHERE BOILING WATER WAS ADDED. IT IS COOKED TO FEEL THICK MASHED POTATOES. THEY EAT GOAT, FISH, OR CHICKEN WITH VEGETABLES. SOMETIMES MEAT IS NOT EATEN BUT BEANS WITH DRIED FISH.
THEY LOVE PEANUTS, SWEAT POTATOES AND CASSAVA. THEY EAT MANY FRUITS. THEY HAVE SOME TABOOS. MOST FOLKS FARM AND LIVE ON A SMALL PLOT OF LAND.SOME FOLKS ORGANIZE THEIR FIELDS TO SUPPORT THE COMMUNITY OF WOMEN. SOME FOLKS GROW COFFEE AND COTTON. SOME LAKE FOLKS FOCUS ON FISHING AND SELL THEM OUT ZAMBIA. THEY CATCH MANY FRESH WATER FISH.. THEIR MARKETS ARE PLACES OF TRADE AND SOCIALIZATION. SOME FOLKS CAN SUPPORT THEMSELVES BY THEIR FARMS OTHERS GO TO CITIES. THEIR
GOVERNMENT OWNS MOST OF THE VALUABLE LAND AND RESOURCES.
IN VILLAGES CHIEFS OWN THE LAND, AND GIVE OUT PARCELS TO THEIR SUPPORTEWRS. TRIBAL CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES ARE HONORED. THE GOVERNJMENT SUPPORTS THIS FORM OF DISTRIBUTION.
IN THE CITIES THEIR IS A LARGE HOUSING CRISI. SOME TOWNS LACK ELECTRICITY AND SEWAGE. MANY FOLKS ARE SQUATTERS. WOMEN CAN OWN LAND AS WELL. BUTR FEW DO BECAUSE OF CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL ISSUES.
SOME AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ARE SOLD IN THE MARKET. THEIR GOVERNMENT BUILT THE RAILROAD. AFTER 53 YEARS THEY DEVELOPED MUCH TRADE. THEY HAVE A HUGE CEMENT TRADE TO THEIR NEIGHBORS, THEY HAVE SOME STRANGE COSTUMES FOR CEREMONIES. THERE IS QUITE A BIT OF CRIME WITH ROBBERIES. IN CITIES. THEIR MILITARY IS INADEQUATE. IN THE 1970'S COPPER MADE ZAMBIA ONE OF THE WEALTHIEST COUNTRIES. WOMEN TODAY DO WORK IN ALL THREE SECTORS INCLUDING MILITARY. BOTH MEN AND WOMEN WORK LONG HOURS IN THE FIELD. FOLKS CAN'T MARRY WITHIN THEIR TRIBAL CLANS. CHRISTIAN WEDDINGS ARE COMMON. 53% ARE CATHOLICSMANY ARABS ARE HERE. ANIMISM IS ALSO PRACTICED. WITCH DOCTORS USE MEDICINE FROM ROOTS. OR PLANTS. MAJOR HOLY PLACES ARE WATERFALLS. MOST CHILDREN ARE IN SCHOOL FOR ONLY 1/2 DAY. BUILDINGS ARE OUTDATED. CHILDREN HELP WITH CHORES.
A LARGE TEXTILE PATTERN INDUSTRY WAS IN ZAMBIA OPERATED BY THE GOVERNMENT. THE FABRIC WAS DYED AND PATTERNED BY SKIRTS. BY 1990 SECOND HAND CLOTHING WAS POPULAR.
DRUM AND DANCE TROOPS WERE POPULAR AND MANY ARE PERFORMED IN MAJOR CITIES. THEY USE TRADITIONAL INSTRUMENTS OF DRUMS AND XYLOPHONE AND SMALL PIANO. THEY PASS ON BELIEFS AND CUSTOMS IN ORAL PERFORMANCES. THESE ARE IMPORTANT PARTS OF A TRIBAL CONDITION AS IT HELPS TO PRESERVE A TRIBE'S IDENTITY.
EVERYCULTURE.ORG
ZAMBIA'S POPULATION IS 9.9 MILLION TODAY. MANY FOLKS (45%) MIGRATE TO URBAN AREAS TO LOCATE JOBS. RURAL FOLKS DO SUBSISTENCE FARMING.
THEY HAVE 7 MAIN TRIBES. SOME FOLKS HAVE MOVED HERE FROM NEARBY AREAS. THERE HAVE BEEN RECENT CONFLICTSAND INFLUX OF REFUGEES IN RECENT YEARS. THE FOLKS HERE SPEAK ENGLISH BUT THEY ALSO HAVE MANY TRIBAL LANGUAGES. THIS COUNTRY IS KNOWN FOR ITS RICH WILDLIFE AND LANDSCAPES. COPPER IS A RICH RESOUCES. COPPER IS A RICH RESOURCE THERE.
HUMAN SETTLEMENT IS ABOUT THREE MILLION YEARS AGO! SOME SITES DATE 60,000 YEARS AGO. BETWEEN 1500 -1800 THE LUBA PEOPLE BECAME A POWERFUL GROUP. BY LATE 1800'S PORTUGUESE TRADERS ESTABLISHED TRADE WITH SOME TRIBES. THE MAIN ITEMS WERE GOLD IVORY AND SLAVES. MISSIONARIES WERE WORKING TO STOP THE SLAVE TRADE AND TRIED TO PREVENT THE THE PORT FROM THE PORT FROM OCCUPYING LAND.
CECIL RHODES FOUNDED A BRITISH COMPANY AND BECAME A WEALTHY MAN. IN 1898 QUEEN VICTORIAGAVE HIM A CHARTER TO GOVERN ZAMBIA UNDER BRITISH FORCES. HE ESTABLISHED HEADQUARTERS IN LIVINGSTONE AS HE BELIEVED GOLD AND OTHER MINERALS WERE VALUABLE. LARGE COPPER AND GOLD DEPOSITS WERE MINED BY THE BRITISH IN 1929 TO 1950'S AS THE ZAMBIANS CAME HERE TO FILL THESE JOBS.
FINALLY BY 1953 FEVER SWEPT THROUGH ZAMBIA A UNITED NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE PARTY. BY 1964 THEY GAINED INDEPENDENCE THROUGH THROUGH CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE.
TRADITIONALLY THEY BUILT HOMES BASED ON AVAILABLE MATERIALS. BASKET WEAVING CONSTRUCTION WAS IN THE THE EAST OF THE ZAMBIA. MUD COVERED SMALL BRANCHES AND CAN BE FOUND IN THE REST OF ZAMBIA. MOST ROOFS ARE POLES AND THATCH. SOME FOLKS BUILT RECTANGULAR HOUSES. THE CHEWA FAVOR CIRCULAR STRUCTURES.
WHEN MISSIONARIES AND EUROPEANS CAME THE CHEWA FAVORED WESTERN STRUCTURES. THEY INRODUCED BRICK AND USED TO BUILD SQUARE STRUCTURES. THE COLONISTS BUILT WOOD FRAME STRUCTURES. THE COLONISTS BUILT WOOD FRAMSTRUCTURS WITH METAL ROOFS. THESE HOUSES WERE QUITE HOTR WITH LARGE ROOFS AND MUCH VENTILATION. THE BRITISH ESTABLISHED OVERSEAS MANAGEMENT AREAS FOR GOVERNMENT. CHEWA WOULD FORM A VILLAGE IN A MOON SHAPE WITH THE CHIEF'S LODGING IN THE CENTER. THE LEOZI DEVELOPED LARGE HOMESTEADS IN A FENCE. IT PROTECTED THEM.
THEIR FOOD DEPENDED UPON THE SEASON AND LOCATION. CORN IS THEIR MAIN STAPLE. THEY MADE MEALIE MEAL - A DRIED AND POUNDED CORN WHERE BOILING WATER WAS ADDED. IT IS COOKED TO FEEL THICK MASHED POTATOES. THEY EAT GOAT, FISH, OR CHICKEN WITH VEGETABLES. SOMETIMES MEAT IS NOT EATEN BUT BEANS WITH DRIED FISH.
THEY LOVE PEANUTS, SWEAT POTATOES AND CASSAVA. THEY EAT MANY FRUITS. THEY HAVE SOME TABOOS. MOST FOLKS FARM AND LIVE ON A SMALL PLOT OF LAND.SOME FOLKS ORGANIZE THEIR FIELDS TO SUPPORT THE COMMUNITY OF WOMEN. SOME FOLKS GROW COFFEE AND COTTON. SOME LAKE FOLKS FOCUS ON FISHING AND SELL THEM OUT ZAMBIA. THEY CATCH MANY FRESH WATER FISH.. THEIR MARKETS ARE PLACES OF TRADE AND SOCIALIZATION. SOME FOLKS CAN SUPPORT THEMSELVES BY THEIR FARMS OTHERS GO TO CITIES. THEIR
GOVERNMENT OWNS MOST OF THE VALUABLE LAND AND RESOURCES.
IN VILLAGES CHIEFS OWN THE LAND, AND GIVE OUT PARCELS TO THEIR SUPPORTEWRS. TRIBAL CUSTOMS AND PRACTICES ARE HONORED. THE GOVERNJMENT SUPPORTS THIS FORM OF DISTRIBUTION.
IN THE CITIES THEIR IS A LARGE HOUSING CRISI. SOME TOWNS LACK ELECTRICITY AND SEWAGE. MANY FOLKS ARE SQUATTERS. WOMEN CAN OWN LAND AS WELL. BUTR FEW DO BECAUSE OF CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL ISSUES.
SOME AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ARE SOLD IN THE MARKET. THEIR GOVERNMENT BUILT THE RAILROAD. AFTER 53 YEARS THEY DEVELOPED MUCH TRADE. THEY HAVE A HUGE CEMENT TRADE TO THEIR NEIGHBORS, THEY HAVE SOME STRANGE COSTUMES FOR CEREMONIES. THERE IS QUITE A BIT OF CRIME WITH ROBBERIES. IN CITIES. THEIR MILITARY IS INADEQUATE. IN THE 1970'S COPPER MADE ZAMBIA ONE OF THE WEALTHIEST COUNTRIES. WOMEN TODAY DO WORK IN ALL THREE SECTORS INCLUDING MILITARY. BOTH MEN AND WOMEN WORK LONG HOURS IN THE FIELD. FOLKS CAN'T MARRY WITHIN THEIR TRIBAL CLANS. CHRISTIAN WEDDINGS ARE COMMON. 53% ARE CATHOLICSMANY ARABS ARE HERE. ANIMISM IS ALSO PRACTICED. WITCH DOCTORS USE MEDICINE FROM ROOTS. OR PLANTS. MAJOR HOLY PLACES ARE WATERFALLS. MOST CHILDREN ARE IN SCHOOL FOR ONLY 1/2 DAY. BUILDINGS ARE OUTDATED. CHILDREN HELP WITH CHORES.
A LARGE TEXTILE PATTERN INDUSTRY WAS IN ZAMBIA OPERATED BY THE GOVERNMENT. THE FABRIC WAS DYED AND PATTERNED BY SKIRTS. BY 1990 SECOND HAND CLOTHING WAS POPULAR.
DRUM AND DANCE TROOPS WERE POPULAR AND MANY ARE PERFORMED IN MAJOR CITIES. THEY USE TRADITIONAL INSTRUMENTS OF DRUMS AND XYLOPHONE AND SMALL PIANO. THEY PASS ON BELIEFS AND CUSTOMS IN ORAL PERFORMANCES. THESE ARE IMPORTANT PARTS OF A TRIBAL CONDITION AS IT HELPS TO PRESERVE A TRIBE'S IDENTITY.
EVERYCULTURE.ORG
Monday, March 18, 2013
ZIMBABWE CULTURE
ZIMBABWE MANY CULTURES WHICH BELIEVE IN DIFFERENT CEREMONIES, ONE OF THEIR LARGEST GROUPS BELIEVE IN SHONA. THEY MADE CARVINGS FROM THE FINEST MATERIALS.
THEY MAE POTTERY , BASKETRY,MATERIAL, JEWELRY, AND CARVINGS. THEIR CARVINGS HAVE BEEN A FUSION OF AFRICAN FOLKLORE WITH EUROPEAN INFLUENCES. THEY HAVE A THEME OF MAN CHANGING INTO A BEAST. SOME ARTISTS HAVE MANAGED TO GAIN A WORLD OF AUDIENCE.
ENGLISH IS THE MAIN LANGUAGE BUT SOME SPEAKNATIVE TONGUE. THEY PRIMARILY HAVE CORNMEAL AS A STAPLE. BOTA IS MADE FROM CORNMEAL AND WATER AND MIXED WITH PEANUT BUTTER AND JAM IT CAN BE EATEN ANYTIME. THEY EAT MANY GREEN VEGETABLES AND MEAT IS STEWED, GRILLED ROASTED OR SUNDRIED. SPECIAL MEALS ARE RICE, WITH CHICKEN. SPECIAL MEALS ARE RICE, CHICKEN OR COLESLAW. DURING A WEDDING OR OTHER LARGE GATHERING A GOAT OR COW WILL BE BARBEQUED. SINCE THEY WERE BRITISH THEY STILL HQAVE SOME OF THEIR HABITS.
ONE OF THEIR LEGENDS IS THE ZINBABWE RIVER GOD, A DRAGON LIKE CREATURE WITH A SNAKE'S TORSO. IT RESIDES IN ZAMBEZI RIVER AND CONTROLS THE LIFE IN AND ON THE RIVER. HE CONTROLSLIFE IN THE RIVER. HE AND HIS WIFE LIVE IN THE KARIBE GORGE AND RULE THE UNDERWORLD.
THE KARIBE LEGND IS THE MOST WIDELY KNOWN LEGEND.THEY LIVED IN ZAZAMBABWE VALLEY FOR CENTURIES IN PEACEFUL SECLUSION WITH LITTLE CONTROL OF THE OUTSIDE WORLD.!
THE BUILT HOUSES IN KRAALALONG THE BANKS OF THE RIVER. THEY BELIEVED THEIR GODS LOOKED LIKE WITH WATER AND FOOD. IN THE EARLY 1940'S A REPORTER WAS MADE OF HYDRO ELECTRIC SCHEME TO THE SUPPLY POWER FOR THE GROWING INDUSTRY THAT COLONIALIZED THE DROUGHT TO THE FEDERATION OF COUNTRIES THAT ARE KNOWN AS NORTHERN RHODESIA. IN 1956 THE LANGUAGE PROJECT STARTED. THE BATONG'S PEACE AND SOLITUDE MOVED FROM THE RIVER TO AVOID THE FLOOD THE DAM WOULD CAUSE. THE GORGE WHERE THE DAM WAS THE HOME OF THEIR DRAGON CREATURE.. THE RESETTLED HIGHER UP ON THE BANK. THEY BELIEVED THEIR LEGEND CREATURE WOULD CAUSE THE PROJECT TO FAIL. SO IN 1957 THE WORST FLOOD EVER WASHED AWAY PART OF THE DAM AND IT KILLED MANY FOLKS AND WORKERS. MANY WHITE MEN DIED AND THE TONGA ELDERS SAID A SACRIFICE MUST BE MADE. A BLACK CALF WAS SLAUGHTERED THAT FLOATED ON THE RIVER.THREE DAYS AFTER THE WORKERS BODIES DISAPPEARED THEY WERE FOUND IN THE RIVER. THIS MYSTERY HAS NOT BEEN EXPLAINED. FLOODS DURING THE NEXT SEASON WERE EVEN WORSE.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
THEY MAE POTTERY , BASKETRY,MATERIAL, JEWELRY, AND CARVINGS. THEIR CARVINGS HAVE BEEN A FUSION OF AFRICAN FOLKLORE WITH EUROPEAN INFLUENCES. THEY HAVE A THEME OF MAN CHANGING INTO A BEAST. SOME ARTISTS HAVE MANAGED TO GAIN A WORLD OF AUDIENCE.
ENGLISH IS THE MAIN LANGUAGE BUT SOME SPEAKNATIVE TONGUE. THEY PRIMARILY HAVE CORNMEAL AS A STAPLE. BOTA IS MADE FROM CORNMEAL AND WATER AND MIXED WITH PEANUT BUTTER AND JAM IT CAN BE EATEN ANYTIME. THEY EAT MANY GREEN VEGETABLES AND MEAT IS STEWED, GRILLED ROASTED OR SUNDRIED. SPECIAL MEALS ARE RICE, WITH CHICKEN. SPECIAL MEALS ARE RICE, CHICKEN OR COLESLAW. DURING A WEDDING OR OTHER LARGE GATHERING A GOAT OR COW WILL BE BARBEQUED. SINCE THEY WERE BRITISH THEY STILL HQAVE SOME OF THEIR HABITS.
ONE OF THEIR LEGENDS IS THE ZINBABWE RIVER GOD, A DRAGON LIKE CREATURE WITH A SNAKE'S TORSO. IT RESIDES IN ZAMBEZI RIVER AND CONTROLS THE LIFE IN AND ON THE RIVER. HE CONTROLSLIFE IN THE RIVER. HE AND HIS WIFE LIVE IN THE KARIBE GORGE AND RULE THE UNDERWORLD.
THE KARIBE LEGND IS THE MOST WIDELY KNOWN LEGEND.THEY LIVED IN ZAZAMBABWE VALLEY FOR CENTURIES IN PEACEFUL SECLUSION WITH LITTLE CONTROL OF THE OUTSIDE WORLD.!
THE BUILT HOUSES IN KRAALALONG THE BANKS OF THE RIVER. THEY BELIEVED THEIR GODS LOOKED LIKE WITH WATER AND FOOD. IN THE EARLY 1940'S A REPORTER WAS MADE OF HYDRO ELECTRIC SCHEME TO THE SUPPLY POWER FOR THE GROWING INDUSTRY THAT COLONIALIZED THE DROUGHT TO THE FEDERATION OF COUNTRIES THAT ARE KNOWN AS NORTHERN RHODESIA. IN 1956 THE LANGUAGE PROJECT STARTED. THE BATONG'S PEACE AND SOLITUDE MOVED FROM THE RIVER TO AVOID THE FLOOD THE DAM WOULD CAUSE. THE GORGE WHERE THE DAM WAS THE HOME OF THEIR DRAGON CREATURE.. THE RESETTLED HIGHER UP ON THE BANK. THEY BELIEVED THEIR LEGEND CREATURE WOULD CAUSE THE PROJECT TO FAIL. SO IN 1957 THE WORST FLOOD EVER WASHED AWAY PART OF THE DAM AND IT KILLED MANY FOLKS AND WORKERS. MANY WHITE MEN DIED AND THE TONGA ELDERS SAID A SACRIFICE MUST BE MADE. A BLACK CALF WAS SLAUGHTERED THAT FLOATED ON THE RIVER.THREE DAYS AFTER THE WORKERS BODIES DISAPPEARED THEY WERE FOUND IN THE RIVER. THIS MYSTERY HAS NOT BEEN EXPLAINED. FLOODS DURING THE NEXT SEASON WERE EVEN WORSE.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
Friday, March 15, 2013
TANZANIA CULTURE
ABOUT 128 LANGUAGES ARE IN TANZANIA MOST FROM BANTU FAMILY. MANY TRIBAL LANGUAGESARE NOT ACTIVELY SUPPRESSED, SOME ARE NEAR EXTINCTION.
THE MUSIC IN TANZANIA HAS SCENE MANY CHANGES IN THE PAST 10 YEARS. THEY HAVE SOME OF THE BEST ARTISTS IN EAST AFRICA. AND THE PAINTERS ARE POPULAR WITH ENAMEL ON CANVAS. THESE PAINTINGS ARE CALLED TINGATINGA WITH ANIMALS AND COLORS.
TANZANIA FOOD IS BOTH UNIQUE AND VARIED ALONG THE COAST. SPICY FOODS ARE COMMON. THEY USE COCONUT MILK THEY HAVE THEIR OWNUNIQUE FOODS, SOME TYPICAL MAINLAND TANZANIA FOODS ARE RICE, BEEF, SEAFOODMAIZE, AND CHAPATI, GRILLED MEAT, FISH, PILAUE, BRIYANI, AND PLAINTAIN WITH MEAT, SPINACH, BEANS AND CASAVA. THEY MAKE RICXE BREAD. THE TANZANIA'S WERE INFLUENCED BY ITALIAN CUISINE. SOME INDIANS DRINK TEA THROUGHOUT THE DAY. PEOPLE PLAQY CARDS. THEY DRINK COFFEE AND A SWEET SNACK FROM COCONUTMEAT. THEY MAKE BANANA BEER.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
THE MUSIC IN TANZANIA HAS SCENE MANY CHANGES IN THE PAST 10 YEARS. THEY HAVE SOME OF THE BEST ARTISTS IN EAST AFRICA. AND THE PAINTERS ARE POPULAR WITH ENAMEL ON CANVAS. THESE PAINTINGS ARE CALLED TINGATINGA WITH ANIMALS AND COLORS.
TANZANIA FOOD IS BOTH UNIQUE AND VARIED ALONG THE COAST. SPICY FOODS ARE COMMON. THEY USE COCONUT MILK THEY HAVE THEIR OWNUNIQUE FOODS, SOME TYPICAL MAINLAND TANZANIA FOODS ARE RICE, BEEF, SEAFOODMAIZE, AND CHAPATI, GRILLED MEAT, FISH, PILAUE, BRIYANI, AND PLAINTAIN WITH MEAT, SPINACH, BEANS AND CASAVA. THEY MAKE RICXE BREAD. THE TANZANIA'S WERE INFLUENCED BY ITALIAN CUISINE. SOME INDIANS DRINK TEA THROUGHOUT THE DAY. PEOPLE PLAQY CARDS. THEY DRINK COFFEE AND A SWEET SNACK FROM COCONUTMEAT. THEY MAKE BANANA BEER.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
TASMANIA CULTURE
TEN THOUSAND YEARS AGO THE THE ISLAND OF TASMANIA IS BELIEVED TO BE JOINED TO THE MAINLAND. MUCH OF THE ISLAND IS BELIEVED TO HAVE DOLERITE WITH OTHER ROCK TYPES THAT FORMED LARGE COLUMNS. IT HAS THE LARGEST DEPOSIT OF DOLERITE. THEY HAVE MOUNTAINS OF QUARTZITE THAT LOOK AS THOUGH THEY HAVE SNOW YEAR ROUND. EVIDENCE INDICATES THAT TASMANIA WAS FIRST INHABITED BY ABORIGINES ABOUT 35,000 YEARS AGO! ABOUT 10,000 YEARS AGO TASMANIA WAS CUT OFF FROM MAINLAND AUSTRALIA. ONCE THE BRITISH CAME HERE IN 1803 THERE WERE 9 ETHNIC GROUPS AMONG 10,000 FOLKS. THROUGH DISEASES, WAR AND PERSECUITION THEY WERE REDUCED.
CAPTAIN COOK WHO ALSO WHO ALSO WENT TO HAWAII LANDED HERE IN 1774 AND HE NAMED SOME OF THE FEATURE. FROM 1803 TO 1853ABOUT 75,000 CONVICTS CAME HERE FROM NEW SOUTH WALES. THEY DEVELOPED AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRIES.
FROM 1856 TO 1901 TASMANIA WAS A BRITISH COLONY. IT SUFFERED ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS, BUT EXPERIENCING STEADY GROWTH. IN LATE 1800'S IT BECAME THE WORLD'S SHIP BUILDING CENTER. BY 1901 IT FEDERATED WITH 5 OTHER AUSTRALIAN COLONIES. BY 1856 IT BECAME SELF GOVERNING COLONY OF THE BRITISH. IT HAD MUCH LOCAL DEFENSE FORCE THAT EVENTUALLY THEY HAD A SIGNIFICANTROLE IN THE ECONOMY.
IN 1960'S THEY HAD MANY FIRES AND LOSS OF PROPERTY. IN 2011A PHILANTHROPIST DAVID WALSHOPENED THE MUSEUM OF OLD AND NEW ART. WITHIN ONE YEAR IT BECAME TASMANIA'S TOP TOURIST ATTRACTION.
TASMANIA HAS AN INACTIVE VOLCANOE AND IS CONSIDERED A STATE OF AUSTRALIA. THEIR TALLEST MOUNTAIN 1600 METERS HIGHTHERE ARE FEW FOREST. TASMANIA HAS A COOL TEMPERATE CLIMATE. THEY HAVE THE OPPOSITE SEASONS THAT WE HAVE .
THEY GROW MANY APPLES. IT HAS VERY UNIQUE FLORA AND FAUNA . MOST FOLKS HAVE BEEN BORN HERE AND ABOUT 20% ELSEWHERE. THEY HAVE A LARGE NUMBER OF FOOD EXPORTING SECTORS NOT LIMITED TO SEAFOOD. THEY HAD A LACK OF POPULATION DECLINE IN WOOL MINERAL ECONOMICS AND LACK OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS.
TASMANIA'S INDUSTRIES HAVE BEEN MINING, COPPER, ZINC, TIN AND IRON, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND TOURISM.
BY THE 1960'S APPLES AND PEARS DECLINED UNLIKE OTHER CROPS INCREASED. NEW PRODUCTS LIKE WINE, SAPPHRON, RUM, CHERRIES HAVEEEN FOSTERED .
TASMANIA HAS MANY RESTAURANTS. AND THEY HAVE A REPUTATION FOR CHEESE, SEAFOOD, AND DAIRY PRODUCTS. THEY HAVE YACHT RACES IN SYDNEY AS AN EVENT AS WELL AS MUSIC EVENTS AND AGRICULTURAL FESTS. THE STATE IS HOME TO INTERNATIONAL CATAMARANS.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
CAPTAIN COOK WHO ALSO WHO ALSO WENT TO HAWAII LANDED HERE IN 1774 AND HE NAMED SOME OF THE FEATURE. FROM 1803 TO 1853ABOUT 75,000 CONVICTS CAME HERE FROM NEW SOUTH WALES. THEY DEVELOPED AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRIES.
FROM 1856 TO 1901 TASMANIA WAS A BRITISH COLONY. IT SUFFERED ECONOMIC FLUCTUATIONS, BUT EXPERIENCING STEADY GROWTH. IN LATE 1800'S IT BECAME THE WORLD'S SHIP BUILDING CENTER. BY 1901 IT FEDERATED WITH 5 OTHER AUSTRALIAN COLONIES. BY 1856 IT BECAME SELF GOVERNING COLONY OF THE BRITISH. IT HAD MUCH LOCAL DEFENSE FORCE THAT EVENTUALLY THEY HAD A SIGNIFICANTROLE IN THE ECONOMY.
IN 1960'S THEY HAD MANY FIRES AND LOSS OF PROPERTY. IN 2011A PHILANTHROPIST DAVID WALSHOPENED THE MUSEUM OF OLD AND NEW ART. WITHIN ONE YEAR IT BECAME TASMANIA'S TOP TOURIST ATTRACTION.
TASMANIA HAS AN INACTIVE VOLCANOE AND IS CONSIDERED A STATE OF AUSTRALIA. THEIR TALLEST MOUNTAIN 1600 METERS HIGHTHERE ARE FEW FOREST. TASMANIA HAS A COOL TEMPERATE CLIMATE. THEY HAVE THE OPPOSITE SEASONS THAT WE HAVE .
THEY GROW MANY APPLES. IT HAS VERY UNIQUE FLORA AND FAUNA . MOST FOLKS HAVE BEEN BORN HERE AND ABOUT 20% ELSEWHERE. THEY HAVE A LARGE NUMBER OF FOOD EXPORTING SECTORS NOT LIMITED TO SEAFOOD. THEY HAD A LACK OF POPULATION DECLINE IN WOOL MINERAL ECONOMICS AND LACK OF FOREIGN INVESTMENTS.
TASMANIA'S INDUSTRIES HAVE BEEN MINING, COPPER, ZINC, TIN AND IRON, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND TOURISM.
BY THE 1960'S APPLES AND PEARS DECLINED UNLIKE OTHER CROPS INCREASED. NEW PRODUCTS LIKE WINE, SAPPHRON, RUM, CHERRIES HAVEEEN FOSTERED .
TASMANIA HAS MANY RESTAURANTS. AND THEY HAVE A REPUTATION FOR CHEESE, SEAFOOD, AND DAIRY PRODUCTS. THEY HAVE YACHT RACES IN SYDNEY AS AN EVENT AS WELL AS MUSIC EVENTS AND AGRICULTURAL FESTS. THE STATE IS HOME TO INTERNATIONAL CATAMARANS.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
Wednesday, March 13, 2013
MY STUDIES IN ROCK ART
WHILE I WAS AN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENT IN DAYTON,OHIO, I DECIDED TO STUDY ROCK ART AND NATIVE AMERICAN MYTHOLOGY. I WAS ALWAYS INTERESTED IN THIS TOPIC AAND I HAD SEEN MUCH ROCK ART IN THE SOUTHWEST, HAWAII AND MEXICO.IN GRADUATE SCHOOL I RESEARCHED MANY PETROGLYPH SITES THAT WERE PECKED OR INCISED ON ROCK FACES WITH OBSIDIAN TOOLS OR CHERT TOOLS. PICTOGRAPHS ARE SOMEWHAT MORE RARE AND I HAVE SEEN MANY IN CAVES IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, THE COSO RANGE, ZUNI,NEW MEXICO AND SOME SITES IN ARIZONA.
THEY ARE OF GREAT INTEREST TO ME BECAUSE THEY ARE THE ONLY REMAINS OF THE PREHISTORIC NATIVES OF MAN'S IDEOLOGY ABOUT HOW THEY THEY CARED FOR THE WORLD. THEY REPRESENT RECENT REMAINS FROM GROUPS WHO RELATED TO THE SUPERNATURAL WORLD, SOME OF THESE FOLKS WERE SHAMAN ACCORDING TO DAVID WHITE (2008).ARCHAEOLOGISTS SPECULATE THAT PEOPLE MADE THESE PICTURES AS THEY WERE COMMUNICATING WITH SPIRITS.
PREVIOUSLY MANY ARCHAEOLOGISTS RTHOUGHT THEYU ERE1000'S OF YEARS OLD HERE. THE DATING OF PETROGLYPHS IS STILLDUBIOUS. MANY RESEARCHERS STUDY THIS TOPIC IN AUSTRALIA. PETROGLYPH SYMBOLS IN ARIZONA REPRESENT MANY SYMBOLS FOUND ON CERAMIC PIECES. SOME ARE GEOGLYPHS OR CURVILINEAR SHAPES THAT MAY REPRESENT THUNDER, RAIN, AND THE SUN AND MOON. OTHERS MAY REPRESENTCALENDARS AND OTHERS MAY REPRESENT MTHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS. SUCVH AS KOKOPELLI- A FERTILITY SYMBOL AND A MAKER OF BABIES; EARTH MAJICIAN - A DIETY OF THE YUMANS AND PIMA CULTULTURE WHO COULD HEAL OR CAUSE DISEASE TO SOMEONE. MANY PETROGLYPHS ARE FOUND NEAR WATER OR ON HILLS OVERLOOKING LARGE VISTAS OR GREAT EXPANSES. IN THE SOUTHWEST THEY COULD THEY CAN BE FOUND ON CAVES, NEAR WATER OR ON BOULDERS NEAR CEREMONIAL SITES. THEY ARE ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH BASALT CLIFFS ASSOCIATED WITH VARIOUS SITES.
SOME PRESENT DAY INDIANS STILL USE THESE SITES AS PLACES OF WORSHIP , BUT RARELY KNOW THE MEANING OF THE GLYPHS. I HAVE VISITED SITES IN ALBUQUERQUE, PETYROGLYPOH NATIONAL MONUMENT HERE THEY HAVE PARROTS AND EXOTIC ANIMALS INDICATING SOME TRADE WITH MEXICO. INTERESTING ENOUGH THEY ALSO HAD NO INDICATION AS TO THE AGE OF THESE GLYPHS WHEN WE VISITED THEM 10 YEARS AGO.
DAVID WHITE'S BOOK SAYS THAT MOST OF THE WESTERN GLYPHS ARE ONLY 2-300 YEARS OLD.====CHECK THIS
IN BAJA THERE ARE SEVERAL PICTOGRAPH SITES IN CAVES THAT HAVE AN INTERACTION WITH THE SOLSTICES. ONE SITE I RECORDED NEAR YUMA, AZ HAD ARCHAEOASTRONOMICAL ASSOCIASTIONS WITH THE SUMMER SOLSTICE! THESE SITES STILL FASCINATE MEI HAVE REPRODUCED MANY ROCK PAINTERS AS I ENJOY MAKING NATIVE AMERICAN DESIGNS.
AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES STILL MAKE THE PAINTINGS . IN EUROPE IN FRANCE THE PALEOLITHIC CAVE ART IS THOUGHT TO BE 10,000 YEARS OLD AND INDICATE HUNTING MAGIC WITH HOPED FOR GAME ANIMALS IN THE STONE IN CAVES.
THEY ARE OF GREAT INTEREST TO ME BECAUSE THEY ARE THE ONLY REMAINS OF THE PREHISTORIC NATIVES OF MAN'S IDEOLOGY ABOUT HOW THEY THEY CARED FOR THE WORLD. THEY REPRESENT RECENT REMAINS FROM GROUPS WHO RELATED TO THE SUPERNATURAL WORLD, SOME OF THESE FOLKS WERE SHAMAN ACCORDING TO DAVID WHITE (2008).ARCHAEOLOGISTS SPECULATE THAT PEOPLE MADE THESE PICTURES AS THEY WERE COMMUNICATING WITH SPIRITS.
PREVIOUSLY MANY ARCHAEOLOGISTS RTHOUGHT THEYU ERE1000'S OF YEARS OLD HERE. THE DATING OF PETROGLYPHS IS STILLDUBIOUS. MANY RESEARCHERS STUDY THIS TOPIC IN AUSTRALIA. PETROGLYPH SYMBOLS IN ARIZONA REPRESENT MANY SYMBOLS FOUND ON CERAMIC PIECES. SOME ARE GEOGLYPHS OR CURVILINEAR SHAPES THAT MAY REPRESENT THUNDER, RAIN, AND THE SUN AND MOON. OTHERS MAY REPRESENTCALENDARS AND OTHERS MAY REPRESENT MTHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS. SUCVH AS KOKOPELLI- A FERTILITY SYMBOL AND A MAKER OF BABIES; EARTH MAJICIAN - A DIETY OF THE YUMANS AND PIMA CULTULTURE WHO COULD HEAL OR CAUSE DISEASE TO SOMEONE. MANY PETROGLYPHS ARE FOUND NEAR WATER OR ON HILLS OVERLOOKING LARGE VISTAS OR GREAT EXPANSES. IN THE SOUTHWEST THEY COULD THEY CAN BE FOUND ON CAVES, NEAR WATER OR ON BOULDERS NEAR CEREMONIAL SITES. THEY ARE ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH BASALT CLIFFS ASSOCIATED WITH VARIOUS SITES.
SOME PRESENT DAY INDIANS STILL USE THESE SITES AS PLACES OF WORSHIP , BUT RARELY KNOW THE MEANING OF THE GLYPHS. I HAVE VISITED SITES IN ALBUQUERQUE, PETYROGLYPOH NATIONAL MONUMENT HERE THEY HAVE PARROTS AND EXOTIC ANIMALS INDICATING SOME TRADE WITH MEXICO. INTERESTING ENOUGH THEY ALSO HAD NO INDICATION AS TO THE AGE OF THESE GLYPHS WHEN WE VISITED THEM 10 YEARS AGO.
DAVID WHITE'S BOOK SAYS THAT MOST OF THE WESTERN GLYPHS ARE ONLY 2-300 YEARS OLD.====CHECK THIS
IN BAJA THERE ARE SEVERAL PICTOGRAPH SITES IN CAVES THAT HAVE AN INTERACTION WITH THE SOLSTICES. ONE SITE I RECORDED NEAR YUMA, AZ HAD ARCHAEOASTRONOMICAL ASSOCIASTIONS WITH THE SUMMER SOLSTICE! THESE SITES STILL FASCINATE MEI HAVE REPRODUCED MANY ROCK PAINTERS AS I ENJOY MAKING NATIVE AMERICAN DESIGNS.
AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES STILL MAKE THE PAINTINGS . IN EUROPE IN FRANCE THE PALEOLITHIC CAVE ART IS THOUGHT TO BE 10,000 YEARS OLD AND INDICATE HUNTING MAGIC WITH HOPED FOR GAME ANIMALS IN THE STONE IN CAVES.
Monday, March 11, 2013
MADAGASCAR CULTURE - AN ISLAND WITH RARE WILDLIFE
MADAGASCAR IS AN ISLAND IN THE INDIAN OCEAN ORIGINALLY CALLED MALAGASY REPUBLIC. THE 4TH LARGEST ISLAND IN THE WORLD. MADGASCAR SPLIT FROM INDIA 88 MILLION YEARS AGO. NATIVE PLANTS AND ANIMALS EVOLVED IN ISOLATION AND THE ISLAND HAS A BIODIVERSITY OF PLANTS. MANY SPECIES OF WILDLIFE ARE NOT FOUND ELSEWHERE IN THE WORLD.
HUMANS SETTLED HERE IN 350 BC FROM BORNEO. BANTU MIGRANTS ACROSSTHE MOZAMBIQUE IN ABOUT 1000 C.E. THE GROUPS ARE DIVIDED INTO SUBGROUPS. BY LATE 18TH CENTURY MADAGASCAR WAS RULED BY AN ASSORTMENT OF ALLIANCES AND SERIES OF MERINO NOBLES. THEIR GOVERNMENT COLLAPSED IN 1890'S AND THE FRENCH ABSORBED THEM. BY 1960 THE AUTONOMOUS STATE WAS FORMED. SINCE 1990 MADAGASCAR HAS BEEN RUN BY DEMOCRACY. THEIR POPULATION IS 22 MILLION. 90 % LIVE ON LESS THAN 2 DOLLARS PER DAY.
THEY MOSTLY ADHERE TO TRADITIONAL BELIEFS. ECOTOURISM AND AGRICULTURE PAIRED WITH INVESTMENTS AND IN EDUCATIONTIONAL HEALTH AND PRIVATE ENTERPRISE, AND KEY ELEMENTS OF DEVELOPMENT. THERE WAS ECONOMIC GROWTH BUT THE BENIFITS WERE NOT SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE POPULATION, PRODUCING TENSION AND A DECLINE IN STANDARDS OF LIVING.
MADAGASCAR POPULATION WAS FROM EUROPE IN THE MIDDLE AGES. THE NAME WAS RECORDED BY THE VENETIANS EXPLORER MARCO POLO. 135 MILLION YEARS AGO A SUPER CONTINENT WAS GONDIVANA BROKE UP AND SEPARATED MADAGASCAR FROM AFRICA AND SOUTH AMERICA. 88 MILLION YEARS AGO THIS COUNTRY MADE A SPLIT FROM INDIA. ON ITS EAST COAST THERE IS A NARROW NARROW AND STEEP ESCARPMENT OF TROPICAL LOWLAND FOREST. THE CENTRAL HIGHLANS IS THE HOME OF THE MERINO PEOPLE WHERE THEIR CAPITAL IS LOCATED. THEY GROW RICE IN THE GRASSY HILLS
TO THE WEST IS THE INCREASING ARID TERRAIN THAT ENCOUNTERS MANGROVE SWAMPS. THEIR CLIMATE PRODUCES A SOUTHEAST TRADE WINDS AND N MONSOONS. IT PRODUCES DESTRUCTIVE CYCLONES IN MAY TO OCTOBER.. TROPICAL CYCLONES CAN DAMAGE THE INFRASTRUCTURE AND LOCAL ECONOMIES. ONE OF THE STRONGEST KILLED 172 IN 2004 AND LEFT 200,000 FOLKS HOMELESS. ON ITS EAST COAST THERE IS A NARROW AND STEEP ESCARPMENT FROM OF TROPICAL LOWLAND FOREST. THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS IS THE HOME OF THE MERINO PEOPLE WHERE THEIR CAPITOL IS LOCATED. THEY GROW RICE IN THE GRASSY HILLS.
MANY OF THE PLANTS AND ANIMALS ARE NOT FOUND ON OTHER ISLANDS. THIS INCLUDES BIRDS, LEMURS AND SOME PRIMATES. IT HAS MUCH DIVERSITY AND 80% OF THE PLANTS ARE NOT FOUND ELSEWHERE IN THE WORLD. THESE INCLUDE SOME ORCHID SPECIES, PALMS, AND HERBAL PLANTS. ITS FAUNA IS ALSO DIVERSE. THE MONKEYS AND PRIMATES HAVE ADAPTED TO A WIDE RANE OF HABITATS. AND THERE WERE 103 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF LEMURS BY 2008. ABOUT 17 SPECIES OF LEMURS HAVE BECOME EXTINCT. THEY HAVE NUMEOUS CAMELEONS. THEY USE SLASH AND BURN AGRICULTURE TECHNIQUES. 1400 YEARS AGO FORESTS BEGAN TO LOOSE THEIR COVERT GROWTH. CATTLE WERE INTRODUCED ABOUT 1000 YEARS AGO.THEY THINNED THE FOREST FROM 1950 TO 2000. S SOME OF THE WOODS WERE STOLEN FROM THE NATIONAL PARKS HERE!
GIANT LEMUR SPECIES HAVE VANISHED SINCE HUMAN SETTLEMENT AND GROWTH IN HUMAN POPULATION. BY 2007 6 OF THE NATIONAL PARKS WERE DECLARED A WORLD HERITAGE SITES.
ARCHAEOLOGITS ESTIMATE THAT SETTLERS ARRIVED HERE IN OUTRIGGER CANOESWITH VARIOUS WAVES THROUGHOUT THE PERIOD. BY 600 C.E. GROUPS OF SETTLERS CLEARED THE FORESTS OF THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS. ARABS REACHED THIS ISLAND IN THE 7TH CENTURY. THEY HAD ABOUT 100 YEARS OF SLAVE TRADE. MADAGASCAR WAS ONE OF THE LAST CONTINENTS TO BE SETTLED ON EARTH. MADAGASCAR WAS AN IMPORTANT AMINISTRATIVE PROPERTY AND WA ESTABLISHED UNDER FRENCH RULE IN 2004 AND SUBDIVIDED INTO 22 REGIONS.
THEY HAD A WIDE RANGE OF ORAL TRADITIONS AND IT WAS A TRADING HUB. THEIR FOREMOST ARY TRADITIONS ARE ORATORY AS EXPRESSED IN PUBLIC POETRY.. THEATRE AND DANCE ARE ALSO STRONG. EUROPEAN CONTACT BEGAN IN 1500 WHEN THE PORTUGUESE SIGHTED THE ISLAND. 500,000
LIBERATED SLAVES REMAINED IN THEIR FORMER MASTERS HOMES AS SERVANTS.
RICE IS THEIR MAIN STAPLE AT EVERY MEAL. RICE IS SERVED IN SOME KIND OF SAUCE WITH TOMATOES. OR ON THE COAST WITH COCONUTS AS THEY COOK IT. SOUTH THEY HERD ZEBU'S AND THEIR MILK IS USED IN VEGETABLE DISHESTHEY ALSO EAT PORK , BEEF, FISH. THEY ALSO EAT CHICKEN DISHE.
THEY USE SAKAYA SPICY CONDIMENT FROM RED AND GREEN PEPPERS. THEY MAKE A SALAD OF GREEN BEANS CABBAGE , CARROTS AND ONIONS. THEY ALSO EAT YAMS. AND TARO ROOTS.THEY ALSO EAT YAMS AND TARO ROOT.
FRANCE HEAVILY INFLUENCED THEIR ECONOMY AND SERVED AS A TRADING POST. THEY DEVELOPED CONSUMERS COOPERTIVES. GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT AND RURAL PRAMS BOOSTED PRODUCTION OF COMMODITIES.
THEY HAVE 365,000 TOURISTS VISITING MADAGASCAR. IN 2008. A POLITICAL CRISIS IN 2010 REDUCED THEIR ECONOMY. THEIR RESOURCES INCLUDE AGRICULTURE AND MINERALS. RAFFIA, FISHING, AND FORESTRY IS A MAINSTAY OF THEIR ECONOMY. ITS THE WORLD'S PRINCIPAL SUPLIER OF VANILLA, CLOVES, AND YLANG-YANG OR A TREE VALUED FOR PERFUME. THEIR MINERAL RESOURCES ARE SAPPHIRES, SOME PRECIOUS STONES, TITANIUM ORE, CHROMITE, COAL, IRON, COBALT, COPPER, AND NICKEL. THEY MINE OILAND GAS AS WELL.
THEIR HEALTH CARE IS INADEQUATE. FOR 22 MILLION FOLKS. THEIR CHILDREN ARE GETTING VACCINES. THE RURAL FOLKS HAVE LITTLE ACCES TO HEALTH CARE.
BEFORE 1800'S EDUCATION WAS WAS INFORMAL AND FAMILIES TAUGHT SOCIAL AND CULTURAL VALUES. BY 1818 THE 1ST EUROPEAN STYLE SCHOOL WAS ESTABLISHED. THEY HAD THE MOST DEVELOPED SCHOOL SYSTEM IN PRECOLONIAL AFRICA, ACCESS TO SCHOOL WAS EXPANDED.THERE WERE SEVERAL MILITARY WARS. THE FRENCH HAD QUITE A BIT IF POWER ERE IN LATE 1890'S. THIS ISLAND OFMADAGASCAR HAS SEEN QUITE A BIT OF STRUGGLE BETWEEN FRANCE AND BRITAIN DURING THE 2 WORLD WARS. FINALLY IN 1958 THEY MO\VED TOWARD INDEPENDENCE AND HAD A CONSTITUTION.
THEY HAVE 6 ADMINISTERS. MOST FOLKS ARE EASTERN AFRICAN AND MALAYSIAN WITH SOME ARABS. ABOUT 1/2 OF THE FOLKS PRACTICE A RELIGION THAT EMPHASIZES LINKS BETWEEN THE LIVING. THEY SOMETIMES SOMETIMES REMOVE THEIR ANCESTORS BONES AND WRAP THEM IN SILK AND BURY THEM IN A TOMB. THEY CELEBRATE THEIR LIFE WITH OTHER VILLAGES AND DRINK RUM WITH USICAL ENTERTAINMENT.
MISFORTUNES OFTEN HAPPEN TO ANCESTORS WHO HAVE BEEN NEGLECTED.ALMOST 1/2 ARE CHRISTIANS AND ROMAN CATHOLICS. MANY CHRISTIANS BLEND TRADITIONAL BELIEFS WITH HONORING ANCESTRS MUSLIMS ARE 7% OF THE POPULATION. RECENTLY HINDUISM WAS INTRODUCED HERE.
EACH OF THESE SUBGROUPS IN MADAGASCAR ADHERE TO THEIR OWN SET OF BELIEFS. EACH OF THESE SUBGROUPS IN MADAGASCAR ADHERE TO THEIR OWN SET OF BELIEFS. THE MADAGSCARS SHARE A SACRED LIFE FORCE. THEYT SHARE STRONG KINSHIP TIES AND BELIEVE IN MAGIC, ASTROLOGY, AND WITCH DOCTORS.
THEY PLAY A BAMBOO TUBE ZITHER AND CARRIED TO MADAGASCAR FROM BORNEO. THEY WEAVE SILK STILL.
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HUMANS SETTLED HERE IN 350 BC FROM BORNEO. BANTU MIGRANTS ACROSSTHE MOZAMBIQUE IN ABOUT 1000 C.E. THE GROUPS ARE DIVIDED INTO SUBGROUPS. BY LATE 18TH CENTURY MADAGASCAR WAS RULED BY AN ASSORTMENT OF ALLIANCES AND SERIES OF MERINO NOBLES. THEIR GOVERNMENT COLLAPSED IN 1890'S AND THE FRENCH ABSORBED THEM. BY 1960 THE AUTONOMOUS STATE WAS FORMED. SINCE 1990 MADAGASCAR HAS BEEN RUN BY DEMOCRACY. THEIR POPULATION IS 22 MILLION. 90 % LIVE ON LESS THAN 2 DOLLARS PER DAY.
THEY MOSTLY ADHERE TO TRADITIONAL BELIEFS. ECOTOURISM AND AGRICULTURE PAIRED WITH INVESTMENTS AND IN EDUCATIONTIONAL HEALTH AND PRIVATE ENTERPRISE, AND KEY ELEMENTS OF DEVELOPMENT. THERE WAS ECONOMIC GROWTH BUT THE BENIFITS WERE NOT SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE POPULATION, PRODUCING TENSION AND A DECLINE IN STANDARDS OF LIVING.
MADAGASCAR POPULATION WAS FROM EUROPE IN THE MIDDLE AGES. THE NAME WAS RECORDED BY THE VENETIANS EXPLORER MARCO POLO. 135 MILLION YEARS AGO A SUPER CONTINENT WAS GONDIVANA BROKE UP AND SEPARATED MADAGASCAR FROM AFRICA AND SOUTH AMERICA. 88 MILLION YEARS AGO THIS COUNTRY MADE A SPLIT FROM INDIA. ON ITS EAST COAST THERE IS A NARROW NARROW AND STEEP ESCARPMENT OF TROPICAL LOWLAND FOREST. THE CENTRAL HIGHLANS IS THE HOME OF THE MERINO PEOPLE WHERE THEIR CAPITAL IS LOCATED. THEY GROW RICE IN THE GRASSY HILLS
TO THE WEST IS THE INCREASING ARID TERRAIN THAT ENCOUNTERS MANGROVE SWAMPS. THEIR CLIMATE PRODUCES A SOUTHEAST TRADE WINDS AND N MONSOONS. IT PRODUCES DESTRUCTIVE CYCLONES IN MAY TO OCTOBER.. TROPICAL CYCLONES CAN DAMAGE THE INFRASTRUCTURE AND LOCAL ECONOMIES. ONE OF THE STRONGEST KILLED 172 IN 2004 AND LEFT 200,000 FOLKS HOMELESS. ON ITS EAST COAST THERE IS A NARROW AND STEEP ESCARPMENT FROM OF TROPICAL LOWLAND FOREST. THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS IS THE HOME OF THE MERINO PEOPLE WHERE THEIR CAPITOL IS LOCATED. THEY GROW RICE IN THE GRASSY HILLS.
MANY OF THE PLANTS AND ANIMALS ARE NOT FOUND ON OTHER ISLANDS. THIS INCLUDES BIRDS, LEMURS AND SOME PRIMATES. IT HAS MUCH DIVERSITY AND 80% OF THE PLANTS ARE NOT FOUND ELSEWHERE IN THE WORLD. THESE INCLUDE SOME ORCHID SPECIES, PALMS, AND HERBAL PLANTS. ITS FAUNA IS ALSO DIVERSE. THE MONKEYS AND PRIMATES HAVE ADAPTED TO A WIDE RANE OF HABITATS. AND THERE WERE 103 SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF LEMURS BY 2008. ABOUT 17 SPECIES OF LEMURS HAVE BECOME EXTINCT. THEY HAVE NUMEOUS CAMELEONS. THEY USE SLASH AND BURN AGRICULTURE TECHNIQUES. 1400 YEARS AGO FORESTS BEGAN TO LOOSE THEIR COVERT GROWTH. CATTLE WERE INTRODUCED ABOUT 1000 YEARS AGO.THEY THINNED THE FOREST FROM 1950 TO 2000. S SOME OF THE WOODS WERE STOLEN FROM THE NATIONAL PARKS HERE!
GIANT LEMUR SPECIES HAVE VANISHED SINCE HUMAN SETTLEMENT AND GROWTH IN HUMAN POPULATION. BY 2007 6 OF THE NATIONAL PARKS WERE DECLARED A WORLD HERITAGE SITES.
ARCHAEOLOGITS ESTIMATE THAT SETTLERS ARRIVED HERE IN OUTRIGGER CANOESWITH VARIOUS WAVES THROUGHOUT THE PERIOD. BY 600 C.E. GROUPS OF SETTLERS CLEARED THE FORESTS OF THE CENTRAL HIGHLANDS. ARABS REACHED THIS ISLAND IN THE 7TH CENTURY. THEY HAD ABOUT 100 YEARS OF SLAVE TRADE. MADAGASCAR WAS ONE OF THE LAST CONTINENTS TO BE SETTLED ON EARTH. MADAGASCAR WAS AN IMPORTANT AMINISTRATIVE PROPERTY AND WA ESTABLISHED UNDER FRENCH RULE IN 2004 AND SUBDIVIDED INTO 22 REGIONS.
THEY HAD A WIDE RANGE OF ORAL TRADITIONS AND IT WAS A TRADING HUB. THEIR FOREMOST ARY TRADITIONS ARE ORATORY AS EXPRESSED IN PUBLIC POETRY.. THEATRE AND DANCE ARE ALSO STRONG. EUROPEAN CONTACT BEGAN IN 1500 WHEN THE PORTUGUESE SIGHTED THE ISLAND. 500,000
LIBERATED SLAVES REMAINED IN THEIR FORMER MASTERS HOMES AS SERVANTS.
RICE IS THEIR MAIN STAPLE AT EVERY MEAL. RICE IS SERVED IN SOME KIND OF SAUCE WITH TOMATOES. OR ON THE COAST WITH COCONUTS AS THEY COOK IT. SOUTH THEY HERD ZEBU'S AND THEIR MILK IS USED IN VEGETABLE DISHESTHEY ALSO EAT PORK , BEEF, FISH. THEY ALSO EAT CHICKEN DISHE.
THEY USE SAKAYA SPICY CONDIMENT FROM RED AND GREEN PEPPERS. THEY MAKE A SALAD OF GREEN BEANS CABBAGE , CARROTS AND ONIONS. THEY ALSO EAT YAMS. AND TARO ROOTS.THEY ALSO EAT YAMS AND TARO ROOT.
FRANCE HEAVILY INFLUENCED THEIR ECONOMY AND SERVED AS A TRADING POST. THEY DEVELOPED CONSUMERS COOPERTIVES. GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT AND RURAL PRAMS BOOSTED PRODUCTION OF COMMODITIES.
THEY HAVE 365,000 TOURISTS VISITING MADAGASCAR. IN 2008. A POLITICAL CRISIS IN 2010 REDUCED THEIR ECONOMY. THEIR RESOURCES INCLUDE AGRICULTURE AND MINERALS. RAFFIA, FISHING, AND FORESTRY IS A MAINSTAY OF THEIR ECONOMY. ITS THE WORLD'S PRINCIPAL SUPLIER OF VANILLA, CLOVES, AND YLANG-YANG OR A TREE VALUED FOR PERFUME. THEIR MINERAL RESOURCES ARE SAPPHIRES, SOME PRECIOUS STONES, TITANIUM ORE, CHROMITE, COAL, IRON, COBALT, COPPER, AND NICKEL. THEY MINE OILAND GAS AS WELL.
THEIR HEALTH CARE IS INADEQUATE. FOR 22 MILLION FOLKS. THEIR CHILDREN ARE GETTING VACCINES. THE RURAL FOLKS HAVE LITTLE ACCES TO HEALTH CARE.
BEFORE 1800'S EDUCATION WAS WAS INFORMAL AND FAMILIES TAUGHT SOCIAL AND CULTURAL VALUES. BY 1818 THE 1ST EUROPEAN STYLE SCHOOL WAS ESTABLISHED. THEY HAD THE MOST DEVELOPED SCHOOL SYSTEM IN PRECOLONIAL AFRICA, ACCESS TO SCHOOL WAS EXPANDED.THERE WERE SEVERAL MILITARY WARS. THE FRENCH HAD QUITE A BIT IF POWER ERE IN LATE 1890'S. THIS ISLAND OFMADAGASCAR HAS SEEN QUITE A BIT OF STRUGGLE BETWEEN FRANCE AND BRITAIN DURING THE 2 WORLD WARS. FINALLY IN 1958 THEY MO\VED TOWARD INDEPENDENCE AND HAD A CONSTITUTION.
THEY HAVE 6 ADMINISTERS. MOST FOLKS ARE EASTERN AFRICAN AND MALAYSIAN WITH SOME ARABS. ABOUT 1/2 OF THE FOLKS PRACTICE A RELIGION THAT EMPHASIZES LINKS BETWEEN THE LIVING. THEY SOMETIMES SOMETIMES REMOVE THEIR ANCESTORS BONES AND WRAP THEM IN SILK AND BURY THEM IN A TOMB. THEY CELEBRATE THEIR LIFE WITH OTHER VILLAGES AND DRINK RUM WITH USICAL ENTERTAINMENT.
MISFORTUNES OFTEN HAPPEN TO ANCESTORS WHO HAVE BEEN NEGLECTED.ALMOST 1/2 ARE CHRISTIANS AND ROMAN CATHOLICS. MANY CHRISTIANS BLEND TRADITIONAL BELIEFS WITH HONORING ANCESTRS MUSLIMS ARE 7% OF THE POPULATION. RECENTLY HINDUISM WAS INTRODUCED HERE.
EACH OF THESE SUBGROUPS IN MADAGASCAR ADHERE TO THEIR OWN SET OF BELIEFS. EACH OF THESE SUBGROUPS IN MADAGASCAR ADHERE TO THEIR OWN SET OF BELIEFS. THE MADAGSCARS SHARE A SACRED LIFE FORCE. THEYT SHARE STRONG KINSHIP TIES AND BELIEVE IN MAGIC, ASTROLOGY, AND WITCH DOCTORS.
THEY PLAY A BAMBOO TUBE ZITHER AND CARRIED TO MADAGASCAR FROM BORNEO. THEY WEAVE SILK STILL.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
Wednesday, March 6, 2013
NIGERIA CULTURE
NIGERIA CULTURE IS SHAPED BY ABOUT 50 ETHNIC GROUPS, 250 DIALECTS. THEY HAVE 3 LARGE ETHNIC GROUPS, 250 DIALECTS. THEY HAVE THREE ETHNIC GROUPS. SOME ARE CHRISTIANS AND OTHERS WORSHIPDIETIES CALLED OGU. ABOUT 1/3 SPEAK ENGLISH. SOCCER IS POPULAR, BO0TH FIELD AND INTERNATIONAL SOCCER.
NIGER FOOD EMBELLISHES A RICH BLEND OF AFRICAN CARBS - YAMS AND CASSAVA WITH SOUPS. THEY EAT GARRI - A POWDERED POTATOE.
YAMS ARE FRIED OR MASHED. THEY ROAST BUSH MEAT , DEER, AND GIRAFFES. THEY MAKE A LIQOUR OF PALM WINE. MOST FOODS ARE SPICY. THEY EAT EBA, POUNDED YAMS, OKRA EGUSI AAND OTHER VEGETABLES. THEY MAKE WOODEN MASKS.
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NIGER FOOD EMBELLISHES A RICH BLEND OF AFRICAN CARBS - YAMS AND CASSAVA WITH SOUPS. THEY EAT GARRI - A POWDERED POTATOE.
YAMS ARE FRIED OR MASHED. THEY ROAST BUSH MEAT , DEER, AND GIRAFFES. THEY MAKE A LIQOUR OF PALM WINE. MOST FOODS ARE SPICY. THEY EAT EBA, POUNDED YAMS, OKRA EGUSI AAND OTHER VEGETABLES. THEY MAKE WOODEN MASKS.
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SOMALIA CULTURE
THE CULTURE OF HAS MANY TRADITIONS INFLUENCED BY
COUNTRIES. SOME COUNTRIES SUCH AS THE ARABIAN PENNISULA AND INDIA HAD INFLUENCE. SOMALIA HAS BEEN CALLED A NATION OF BARDS, WITH VARIOUS STORY TELLING TRADITIONS. THEY ALSO HAVE A RICH MUSICAL HERITAGE CENTERED ON SOMALIA AND IT ORIGINATED FROM AFRO ASIATIC LANGUAGE. THEY HAD A LONG LOST ANCIENT SCRIPT AND SOME FOLKS MAY USE DIFFERENT SYSTEMS FOR TRANSCRIBING THE LANGUAGE. ENGLISH IS WIDELY USED . THEIR RELIGION IS ENTIRELY MUSLIMS. SURFISM IS ALSO A MYSTICAL DIMENSION OF ISLAM. IT IS A MALE DOMINATED RELIGION. BY THE 19YJ CENTURYBY THE 19TH CENTURY SOMALIA WOMEN HAD THEIR OWN INSTITUTION.
THE CLAN GROUPINGS ARE PATRILINEAL.SOMALIA MEN WEAR MACAWIS, WHICH IS A SARONG SKIRT. THEY WRAP THEIR HEADS WITH A TURBAN. THEY ALSO WEAR JEANS AND A TEE SHIRT.
WOMEN COMMONLY BEAR A GUNTIINO, A LONG STRETCH CLOTH TIED OVER THE SHOLDER AND DRAPED AROUND THE WAIST. MARRIED WOMEN WEAR HEAD SCARVES. AND A SHAUL THAT COVERS THEIR BODIES. THEIR TRADITIONAL GARB IS A JIBAB.
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COUNTRIES. SOME COUNTRIES SUCH AS THE ARABIAN PENNISULA AND INDIA HAD INFLUENCE. SOMALIA HAS BEEN CALLED A NATION OF BARDS, WITH VARIOUS STORY TELLING TRADITIONS. THEY ALSO HAVE A RICH MUSICAL HERITAGE CENTERED ON SOMALIA AND IT ORIGINATED FROM AFRO ASIATIC LANGUAGE. THEY HAD A LONG LOST ANCIENT SCRIPT AND SOME FOLKS MAY USE DIFFERENT SYSTEMS FOR TRANSCRIBING THE LANGUAGE. ENGLISH IS WIDELY USED . THEIR RELIGION IS ENTIRELY MUSLIMS. SURFISM IS ALSO A MYSTICAL DIMENSION OF ISLAM. IT IS A MALE DOMINATED RELIGION. BY THE 19YJ CENTURYBY THE 19TH CENTURY SOMALIA WOMEN HAD THEIR OWN INSTITUTION.
THE CLAN GROUPINGS ARE PATRILINEAL.SOMALIA MEN WEAR MACAWIS, WHICH IS A SARONG SKIRT. THEY WRAP THEIR HEADS WITH A TURBAN. THEY ALSO WEAR JEANS AND A TEE SHIRT.
WOMEN COMMONLY BEAR A GUNTIINO, A LONG STRETCH CLOTH TIED OVER THE SHOLDER AND DRAPED AROUND THE WAIST. MARRIED WOMEN WEAR HEAD SCARVES. AND A SHAUL THAT COVERS THEIR BODIES. THEIR TRADITIONAL GARB IS A JIBAB.
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Tuesday, March 5, 2013
MEDITATION - MY WAY
I HAVE USED TE ELEMENTS OF NATURE TO RELAX AND STAY CALM. THEIR ARE WAYS TO STAY CALM. THEIR ARE WAYS TO RELAXE BY VIEWING THE CLOUDS, LISTENING TO THE SONGS OF VARIOUS BIRDS, , AND LISTENING TOTHE WIND AND THE RAIN FALL. I HAVE WORKED IN NATURE FOR MANY YEARS. IN SOME WAYS IT HAS BEEN RELAXING TO SEE A VARIETY OF ECOTONES AND LET NATURE TEACH ME ABOUT HOW CERTAIN PLANTS GROW IN DIFFERENT AREAS.
IT IS A WAY TO WAY TO STAY CALM WHILE THE WORLD PASSES BY. THE MAIN IDEA THAT NATURE TEACHES ME IS THAT IMPERFECTIONS ARE GOOD. ALL OF NATURE HAS NO SPECIAL DUPLICATION EXCEPT THAT IN VEGETATION THE PLANTS HAVE SPECIAL LEAF PATTERNS. I AM NOT A BOTANISTS BUT MANY PLANT LEAVES HAVE PARTICULAR PATTERNS THAT ARE REPEATED. I HAVE STUDIED ROCKS AND REALIZE THAT THE MANY VARIETIES OF STONES MAKE UP A BEAUTIFUL SCENE. THE ANCIENT NATIVE AMERICANS KNEW MORE ABOUT MANAGING THE LAND AND PLANTS THAN OTHERS DO TODAY. THEY CONSIDER EARTH MOTHER TO BE THEIR GUIDE AND ARE GROUNDED IN IT.
IT IS A WAY TO WAY TO STAY CALM WHILE THE WORLD PASSES BY. THE MAIN IDEA THAT NATURE TEACHES ME IS THAT IMPERFECTIONS ARE GOOD. ALL OF NATURE HAS NO SPECIAL DUPLICATION EXCEPT THAT IN VEGETATION THE PLANTS HAVE SPECIAL LEAF PATTERNS. I AM NOT A BOTANISTS BUT MANY PLANT LEAVES HAVE PARTICULAR PATTERNS THAT ARE REPEATED. I HAVE STUDIED ROCKS AND REALIZE THAT THE MANY VARIETIES OF STONES MAKE UP A BEAUTIFUL SCENE. THE ANCIENT NATIVE AMERICANS KNEW MORE ABOUT MANAGING THE LAND AND PLANTS THAN OTHERS DO TODAY. THEY CONSIDER EARTH MOTHER TO BE THEIR GUIDE AND ARE GROUNDED IN IT.
MOROCCO CULTURE
MOROCCO HAS MANY HAS MANY ETHNIC SOCIETIES AND A RICH CULTURE. THROUGHOUT THEIR HISTORY THEY CAME FROM THE EAST, ARABS, AFRICANS, ROMANS, MUSLIMS, AND JEWISH ALL LEFT AN IMPACT ON MOROCCO. THESE FOLKS HAVE MANY BELIEFS. MOROCCO'S PRIORITY IS PROTECTING ITS DIVERSITY AND PRESERVING ITS CULTURAL HERITAGE.
THE MAJORITY OF FOLKS ARE ARABS. ONE HALF SPEAK AMAZIGH. DURING AN ISLAMIC EXPANSION SOME ARABS CAME TO LIVE HERE. AS ARAB BERBER COUNTRY. ARAB IS THEIR OFFICIAL LANGUAGE. MOST FOLKS LIKE ISLAMS, THOUGH NON ARAB FOLKSRESISTED ARAB INFLUENCE HUNDREDS OF BERBER ASSOCIATIONS HAVE BEEN CREATED TO DEFEND THEIR CULTURE AND IDENTITY IN THE LAST FEW DECADES IN MORROCCO AND ALGERIA.
BOTH MEN AND WOMEN WEAR DJELLABA - A LONG LOOSE HODED GARMENT . MEN WEAR A RED CAP. WOMEN WEAR KAFTANS CREATED WITH DJELLARA - A LONG LOOSE HODED GARMENT. MEN WEAR A RED CAP. WOMEN WEAR KAFTANS DECORATED WITH ORNAMENTS. THE WOMEN'S GARMENTS ARE BRIGHTLY COLORED. THE DECORATIONS ON THEIR GARMENTS ARE DONE BY HAND AND THEY ARE EXPENSIVE. THEY USUALLY PURCHSE A NEW KAFTAN EVERY YEAR.
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THE MAJORITY OF FOLKS ARE ARABS. ONE HALF SPEAK AMAZIGH. DURING AN ISLAMIC EXPANSION SOME ARABS CAME TO LIVE HERE. AS ARAB BERBER COUNTRY. ARAB IS THEIR OFFICIAL LANGUAGE. MOST FOLKS LIKE ISLAMS, THOUGH NON ARAB FOLKSRESISTED ARAB INFLUENCE HUNDREDS OF BERBER ASSOCIATIONS HAVE BEEN CREATED TO DEFEND THEIR CULTURE AND IDENTITY IN THE LAST FEW DECADES IN MORROCCO AND ALGERIA.
BOTH MEN AND WOMEN WEAR DJELLABA - A LONG LOOSE HODED GARMENT . MEN WEAR A RED CAP. WOMEN WEAR KAFTANS CREATED WITH DJELLARA - A LONG LOOSE HODED GARMENT. MEN WEAR A RED CAP. WOMEN WEAR KAFTANS DECORATED WITH ORNAMENTS. THE WOMEN'S GARMENTS ARE BRIGHTLY COLORED. THE DECORATIONS ON THEIR GARMENTS ARE DONE BY HAND AND THEY ARE EXPENSIVE. THEY USUALLY PURCHSE A NEW KAFTAN EVERY YEAR.
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Saturday, March 2, 2013
SOUTHWEST INDIAN FETISHES
THE FETISHES ARE HAND CARVED ANIMALS OR FORCES OF NATURE MADE OF VARIOUS STONES. FROM PREHISTORIC TIMES THE NATIVES USED FETISHES TO MASTER UNPREDICTABLE FORCES. THE ZUNIS CALL THEM AHLASHIWE. SOME MAY LOOK LIKE PEOPLE. THE ZUNI ARE MOST CLEVER AT CARVING THESE FETSHES AND SELL THEM TO THE TOURISTS OR USE THEM IN RITUALS. THEY MAY CAUSE GOOD LUCK IN HUNTING. INITIATIONS, CURING AN ILLNESS, FERTILITY, AND FOOD FERTILITY.
ZUNIS AND OTHER PREHISTORIC TRIBES COULD EITHER HELP OR HURT MAN. THEY BELIEVE THE ANIMAL FETISHES HELP OTHER OWNERS OVERCOME THEIR PROBLEMS. IN ZUNI GUARDIAN ANIMALS ARE IN THEIR KIVA RITES. MT LION - NORTH; BEAR-WEST, BADGER-SOUTH; EAGLE -SKY; MOLE-UNDERGROUND; WOLF -EAST.
THE MOLE FETISH PROTECTS FIELDS FROM RODENTS, FROG FETISHES ARE VALUED FOR FETILITY. MT LION PROVIDES OWNER , OVER POWER. WHEN A HUNT OCCURS THE FETISH WHICH GAVE THEM SUCESS ARE VALUED SUCCESS ARE ALLOWED THE FIRST CEREMONIAL FEEDING.
FETISHES MAY HAVE CORAL, TURQUOISE, OR AN ARROWHEAD TIED TO THE BACK OF OR SIDE OF FETISHES THAT HAVE A HEARTLINE REPRESENTS A TIME IN ZUNI MYTHOLOGY. WHEN ANIMALS DOMINATED. LIGHTENING IS ALSO REPRESENTED BY A LINE IN THE ANIMAL. THE LINE MAY GIVE THE STONE MEDICINAL POWER AS WELL.
ZUNI FETISHES ARE PLACED ON THE FAMILY ALTAR OR KEPT IN A HANDMADE POT WITH TURQOUISE. MINIATURE ZUNI FETISHES ARE AN IMPORTANT PART OF THEIR ECONOMY AND HAVE CORAL, SHELL AND JET IN THE STONES.
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ZUNIS AND OTHER PREHISTORIC TRIBES COULD EITHER HELP OR HURT MAN. THEY BELIEVE THE ANIMAL FETISHES HELP OTHER OWNERS OVERCOME THEIR PROBLEMS. IN ZUNI GUARDIAN ANIMALS ARE IN THEIR KIVA RITES. MT LION - NORTH; BEAR-WEST, BADGER-SOUTH; EAGLE -SKY; MOLE-UNDERGROUND; WOLF -EAST.
THE MOLE FETISH PROTECTS FIELDS FROM RODENTS, FROG FETISHES ARE VALUED FOR FETILITY. MT LION PROVIDES OWNER , OVER POWER. WHEN A HUNT OCCURS THE FETISH WHICH GAVE THEM SUCESS ARE VALUED SUCCESS ARE ALLOWED THE FIRST CEREMONIAL FEEDING.
FETISHES MAY HAVE CORAL, TURQUOISE, OR AN ARROWHEAD TIED TO THE BACK OF OR SIDE OF FETISHES THAT HAVE A HEARTLINE REPRESENTS A TIME IN ZUNI MYTHOLOGY. WHEN ANIMALS DOMINATED. LIGHTENING IS ALSO REPRESENTED BY A LINE IN THE ANIMAL. THE LINE MAY GIVE THE STONE MEDICINAL POWER AS WELL.
ZUNI FETISHES ARE PLACED ON THE FAMILY ALTAR OR KEPT IN A HANDMADE POT WITH TURQOUISE. MINIATURE ZUNI FETISHES ARE AN IMPORTANT PART OF THEIR ECONOMY AND HAVE CORAL, SHELL AND JET IN THE STONES.
COLLECTORS GUIDE.COM
Friday, March 1, 2013
GREASE A MUSICAL
GREASE IS A MUSICALBY JIM JACAOBS NAMED FOR THE WORKING CLASS YOUTH SUBCULTURE KNOWN AS GREASERS. THEY HAVE MUSIC OF EARLY ROCK AND ROLL. ORIGINALLY IT WAS A RAUNCHY SHOW. THEY CHANGED IT AND TAMED IT DOWN.. IT HAS BEEN PERFORMED SUCCESSFULLY IN CHICAGO. IT HAS TEENAGE DRINKING, SMOKING, PREGNANCY, REBELLION, AND SEXUAL EXPLOITATION.
SINCE CHICAGOIT HAS BEEN PERFORMED IN LONDON. AND ON VARIOUS STAGES AND ON T.V. THEY PLAYED OVER 3000 RUNS ON BROADWAY. IT IS BROADWAY'S 14TH LONGEST RUNNING SHOW.
THE PROPS AT MARIA CARILLO HIGH SCHOOL WERE VERY SIMPLE AND THEY HAD A GOOD SMALL ORCHESTRA. THE BOYS GREASED THEIR HAIR. THE GALS 1950'S SKIRTS AND HOT COUTURE AND THRIFT STORE CLOTHING. I SAW A LADY FROM MY CHURCH. THE HIGH SCHOOL PERFORMERS WERE ANGLOS, CHINESE, BLACKS, EAST INDIANS. THEY DID MUCH DANCING
AND MOST KIDS LOOKED MORE MATURE THAN HIGH SCHOOL AGE. THEY USED FAKE CIGARETTES THAT SMOKED!
THE MUSICAL BEGINS WITH HIGH SCHOOL REUNION WITH AN ENGLISH TEACHER.
THETWO LEADS DANNY AND SANDY SPEND THEIR LAST DAY OF SUMMER ROMAQNCE TOGETHER. SANDY ASKS HER LOVER IF IT IS ALL OVER AND HE SAYS IT HAS JUST STARTED.
THERE IS A SCENE WHERE THE GREASE BOYS ARE AT SCHOOL AND THE LADIES ARE EATTING LUNCH. THE BOYS DISCUSS A BRIEF LOVE AFFAIR A YEAR AGO. SANDY FOCUSES ON THEIR ROMANCE QAND DANNY EXAGERATES THE PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE GREASE BOYS.DANNY BRUSHES HER OFF ONCE THEY SEE HER AT SCHOOL. SANDY IS HEART BROKEN BUT HER GIRLFRIENDS SUPPORT HER. THE GIRLS HAVE A PAJAMA PARTY AND TALK ABOUT THE BOYS. ONE GAL HAS A LONG DISTANCE COURTSHIP WITH A MARINE. SHE SINGS A SONG ABOUT HIM. THAT SAME NIGHT THE GREASE BOYSSTEEL HUBCAPS AND TEASE A BOY ABOUT HIS NEW USED CAR. DANNY SEES SANDY AGAIN AND TRIES TO APOLOGIZEUNSUCCESSFULLY.. ANOTHER COUPLE MOON THE AUDIENCE WITH THEIR UNDERWEAR!
THE 2ND ACT IS A SCHOOL PROM. DANNY AND SANDY ARE NOT TOGETHER. THEY HAVE A HAND DNCE CONTEST. DANNY AND CHA CHA ARE WINNERS. ONE GAL LAMENTS AS TO WHAT TO DO WITH HER LIFE AS SHE FAILED HER CLASSES IN BEAUTY SCHOOL. DANNY AGAIN OFFERS SANDY HER RING HE ATTEMPTS TO GET TOO INTIMATE. AND SHE LEAVES. DANNY SINGS "ALONE AT A DRIVE IN MOVIE".
THE VERSION OF THE PLAY I SAW DID NOT HAVE DANNY TOGETHER, BUT SOME VERSIONS DID HAVE THEM TOGETHER. I SAW A VERSION THAT IS SUITABLE FOR YOUNG AUDIENCES WITH NO SWEARING. THE LATER VERSION HAS MANY MORE SONGS.
SINCE CHICAGOIT HAS BEEN PERFORMED IN LONDON. AND ON VARIOUS STAGES AND ON T.V. THEY PLAYED OVER 3000 RUNS ON BROADWAY. IT IS BROADWAY'S 14TH LONGEST RUNNING SHOW.
THE PROPS AT MARIA CARILLO HIGH SCHOOL WERE VERY SIMPLE AND THEY HAD A GOOD SMALL ORCHESTRA. THE BOYS GREASED THEIR HAIR. THE GALS 1950'S SKIRTS AND HOT COUTURE AND THRIFT STORE CLOTHING. I SAW A LADY FROM MY CHURCH. THE HIGH SCHOOL PERFORMERS WERE ANGLOS, CHINESE, BLACKS, EAST INDIANS. THEY DID MUCH DANCING
AND MOST KIDS LOOKED MORE MATURE THAN HIGH SCHOOL AGE. THEY USED FAKE CIGARETTES THAT SMOKED!
THE MUSICAL BEGINS WITH HIGH SCHOOL REUNION WITH AN ENGLISH TEACHER.
THETWO LEADS DANNY AND SANDY SPEND THEIR LAST DAY OF SUMMER ROMAQNCE TOGETHER. SANDY ASKS HER LOVER IF IT IS ALL OVER AND HE SAYS IT HAS JUST STARTED.
THERE IS A SCENE WHERE THE GREASE BOYS ARE AT SCHOOL AND THE LADIES ARE EATTING LUNCH. THE BOYS DISCUSS A BRIEF LOVE AFFAIR A YEAR AGO. SANDY FOCUSES ON THEIR ROMANCE QAND DANNY EXAGERATES THE PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE GREASE BOYS.DANNY BRUSHES HER OFF ONCE THEY SEE HER AT SCHOOL. SANDY IS HEART BROKEN BUT HER GIRLFRIENDS SUPPORT HER. THE GIRLS HAVE A PAJAMA PARTY AND TALK ABOUT THE BOYS. ONE GAL HAS A LONG DISTANCE COURTSHIP WITH A MARINE. SHE SINGS A SONG ABOUT HIM. THAT SAME NIGHT THE GREASE BOYSSTEEL HUBCAPS AND TEASE A BOY ABOUT HIS NEW USED CAR. DANNY SEES SANDY AGAIN AND TRIES TO APOLOGIZEUNSUCCESSFULLY.. ANOTHER COUPLE MOON THE AUDIENCE WITH THEIR UNDERWEAR!
THE 2ND ACT IS A SCHOOL PROM. DANNY AND SANDY ARE NOT TOGETHER. THEY HAVE A HAND DNCE CONTEST. DANNY AND CHA CHA ARE WINNERS. ONE GAL LAMENTS AS TO WHAT TO DO WITH HER LIFE AS SHE FAILED HER CLASSES IN BEAUTY SCHOOL. DANNY AGAIN OFFERS SANDY HER RING HE ATTEMPTS TO GET TOO INTIMATE. AND SHE LEAVES. DANNY SINGS "ALONE AT A DRIVE IN MOVIE".
THE VERSION OF THE PLAY I SAW DID NOT HAVE DANNY TOGETHER, BUT SOME VERSIONS DID HAVE THEM TOGETHER. I SAW A VERSION THAT IS SUITABLE FOR YOUNG AUDIENCES WITH NO SWEARING. THE LATER VERSION HAS MANY MORE SONGS.
HOPI NATION ELDERS
BANISH THE WORLD STRUGGLE FROM YOUR VOCABULARY. THE ELDERS SAY WE MUST LET GO OF THE SHORE AND PUSH OFF INTO THE RIVER. AT THIS TIME IN HISTORY TAKE NOTHING PERSONALLY, LEAST OF ALL OURSELVES. AT THE MOMENT WE DO OUR SPIRITUAL GROWTH AND OUR JOURNEY COMES TO A HALT. THE TIME OF THE LONE WOLF IS OVER. GATHER YOURSELVES.
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