THE ABNAKI WERE THOSE LIVING IN AT SUNRISE. THEY HAD VARIOUS NAMES TO THE ALGONQUIN LINGUISTIC FAMILY. THEY INCLUDED THE PENOBSCOT AND PENNACOOK TRIBES. THEY LIVED IN WESTERN MAINE IN THE VILLAGE OF THE SACO RIVERS. THEY HAD ABOUT 20 VILLAGES.
THEY IMMIGRATED INTO THEIR AREA IN MAIN FROM THE SOUTHWEST. JOHN CABOT IN 1499 BROUGHT THE FIRST ANGLOS HERE WITHIN SIGHT OF THEM BUT HAD NO DEALING WITH THEM. MORMAN AND ENGLISH FISHERMAN CONSTANTLY VISITED THE COAST. ENGLISH FISHERMEN WERE ON MONHEGAN ISLAND CONTINUOUSLY AFTER THAT DATE. DURING EARLY 1700'S THE ABNAKI WERE SOON AFTERWARDS MISSIONIZED FROM CANADA AND BECAME ATTACHED TO THE FRENCH. FOR A TIME THEY WERE SUCCESSFUL FOR DRIVING ENGLISH AWAY. THEY DID SUFFER SEVERAL DEFEATS FROM THE BRITISH AND THEY WERE REDUCED IN NUMBERS. THEY FINALLY WITHDREW AND WENT TO CANADA TO SETTLE AT ST. FRANCIS.
MOONEY ESTIMATED THEIR POPULATION WAS 3000 IN 1600, INCLUDING PENOBSCOT AND PASSANQUODDY. THEY CONSTRUCTED A DICTIONARY, AND DEFEATED SOME OF THE BRITISH IN RAIDS.
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