THESE INDIANS ARE AN IROQUOIAN LANGUAGE TRIBE IN VIRGINIA ALSO CALLED NOTTAWAY. THEIR TWO GROUPS HAVE BEEN RECOGNIZED BY THE STATE. THEY LIVE IN THE TIDE RIVER REGION AND SOUTH HAMPTON COUNTY. THEY DO NOT HAVE RESERVATIONS. THEIR NAME MAY MEAN "ARE PEOPLE WHO ARE CHARACTERIZED IN A SPECIAL WAY". THEY OCCUPY THE COASTAL AREAS. THEY MET ENGLISH IN 1580'S. THEIR LANGUAGE BECAME EXTINCT IN 1580'S. SOME OF THE COLONISTS LEARNED THE NOTTAWAY LANGUAGE. BY THE 1700'S THE CHEROENHAKA PEOPLE LEARNED ENGLISH. BY 1820 THERE WERE ONLY THREE ELDERS SPEAKING THE NOTTAWAY LANGUAGE.
IN 1650 THEY WERE VISITED AND DESCRIBED BY EXPLORER EDWARD BLAND ON AN EXPEDITION FROM FORT HENRY IN 1690. THEY HAD ABOUT 500 PEOPLE. THEY SENT WARRIORS TO HELP ENGLISH AGAINST THE IROQUOIS SPEAKERS IN 1675. AFTER THIS BOTH TRIBES SIGNED THE TREATY OF MIDDLE PLANTATION IN 1677, BECOMING NATIONS OF THE VIRGINIA.
BY 1681 HOSTILE TRIBES CAUSED THE CHEROENHAKA TO RELOCATE TO SURRY COUNTY. THEY ABSORBED THE WEANOKE TRIBES. THEY MERGED INTO OTHER TRIBES AND WERE NEARBY THEIR ORIGINAL HOMELAND. THE TRIBE HAS SCHOLARS BELIEVE THEY WERE SIMILAR IN CULTURE TO TUSCARORA AND MEHERRIM. THEY DEPENDED ON THE 3 SISTERS - CORN , BEANS, AND SQUASH. THE MEN HUNTED AND FISHED. THEY BUILT MULTI-FAMILY DWELLINGS KNOWN AS LONGHOUSES IN VILLAGES PROTECTED BY STOCKADES.
THEIR POPULATION WAS REDUCED BY INFECTIOUS DISEASE. WHEN THE TUSCARORA MIGRATED NORTHWARD TO NEW YORK IN 1720, SOME NOTTAWAY ALSO WENT THERE WHILE OTHERS STAYED IN VIRGINIA. SOME WENT TO THE SOUTH.
WIKIPEDIA.COM
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