THE FOND DU LAC MEANS "WHERE THE CURRENT IS BLOCKED" IN OJIBWA LANGUAGE. THEIR RESERVATION IS IN NORTHERN MINNESOTA. THEIR TRIBE CEDED LAND AS PART OF AN 1837 TREATY ALONG WITH OTHER BANDS. THEY CEDED LAND IN 1842 AND 1854.
ANCESTORS OF THE CHUPE HAVE RESIDED HERE AT LAST FROM 800 A.D. THEY SPEAK ALGONQUIN. EUROPEANS GRADUALLY CONTROLLED SOME OF THEIR TERRITORY. THE FIRST RECORDED CONTACT WITH EUROPEANS CAME IN 1622 WHEN ELIENNE BRULE MET WITH THE CHIPPEWA. THEY WERE A HUNTER/GATHERER CULTURE THAT FISHEDIN THE LAKES AND RIVERS IN THE SUMMER TIME. THEY HUNTED IN THE WINTER. IN SPRING TIME THEY COLLECTED MAPLE SYRUP AND IT WAS BOILED DOWN TO SUGAR. IN AUTUMN FAMILIES GATHERED TO COLLECT WILD RICE . THEIR LIFESTYLE WAS INFLUENCED BY SEASONAL ACTIVITIES. THE CHIPPEWA WERE ISOLATED TO FAMILY GROUPS IN WINTER AND HIGHLY SOCIAL IN SUMMER OR SPRING. TRIBAL AFFILIATIONS WERE DEVELOPED THROUGH RITUAL S AND COMMUNAL ACTIVITIES. BANDS WERE RECOGNIZED AS CHIEFS. THE CLAN SYMBOL ONCE FIGURED SIGNIFICANTLY IN THE CULTURE. CLAN IDENTITY WAS PASSED THE FATHER TO HIS CHILDREN. EACH CLAN HAD A SPECIAL ANIMAL IN REVERENCE. MARRIAGE WAS ONLY OUTSIDE OF CLANS.
PROLONGED CONTACT WITH EUROPEAN TRADERS CHANGED THEIR NOMADIC LIFESTYLE OF THE CHIPPEWA. MANY CUSTOMS WERE LOST DURING GENERATIONS . TRADITIONAL MEDICINE PERSISTED SUCCESSFULLY. THE FRENCH GOT ALONG WELL WITH THE FOND DU LAC. SOME FRENCH MARRIED NATIVE WOMEN AND LEARNED THEIR LANGUAGE.
IN THE 1760'S THE ENGLISH DROVE THE FRENCH AWAY FROM THE CHIPPEWA LAND. THE TREATIES FORCED THE NATIVES TO LIVE NONINDIAN LIFESTYLES AND VALUES. THE BANDS OF LAKE SUPERIOR AND MINNISOTA CHIPPEWA CEDED APPROXIMATELY .......???
IN 1997 THEY BUILT A TRIBAL BUILDING FOR SPORTS, SOCIAL ACTIVITIES AND A COMMUNITY CENTER. THEY HAVE A NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DIVISION AND A HEALTH CLINIC. THEY HAVE FOUR PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND A COMMUNITY COLLEGE. THEY OPERATE TWO CASINOS AND A HOTEL.
WIKIPEDIA.COM
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