PALIKUR TRIBE IN BRAZIL

THE PALIKUR HAVE A RECORD OF BEING DISCOVERED BY VICENTE VANE IN 1500. THEY CALL THEMSELVES PARIKIVANEZ OR PEOPLE.

IN THE 16TH CENTURY THE PALIKUR LIVED IN THE REGION NORTH OF THE MOUTH OF THE AMAZON, BETWEEN TWO RIVERS. IN 1902 THEY MIGRATED TO FRENCH GIANA AFTER A DISPUTE.

IN THE 16TH CENTURY THE PALIKUR LIVED ON THE REGION NORTH OF THE MOUTH OF TWO RIVERS. IN 1902 THEY MIGRATED TO FRENCH GIANA AFTER A DISPUTE. THE MAJORITY RETURNED TO THEIR HOMELAND. BY 1650 THEIR POPULATION RETURNED TO THEIR HOMELAND. BY 1650 THEIR POPULATION WAS 3500 OF WHICH 400 WERE BOWMAN WHEN THEY MIGRATED TO FRENCH GIANA.

ENGLISH, DUTCH, AND FRENCH FOLLOWED THE EXPEDITION OF LAWRENCE KEYMES IN 1596. THE PALIKUR HAD SOME ENEMIES AS USUAL, AND FORMED A CONFEDERATION WITH THE KARIPUNA. BY THE 18TH CENTURY THE RECORDS SHOW NO MORE CONFLICTS WITH THE GALIBI.

IN 1783 A JESUIT PRIEST FATHER ESTABLISHED A SHORT LIVED MISSION BUT DID NOT CONVERT THE SMALL GROUP. BY THE 18TH CENTURY A PORTUGUESE GROUP EXPEDITION OCCUPIED THE CONTESTED TERRITORY AND TURNED ALL INDIAN VILLAGES AND CARRIED THE PEOPLE TO BRAZIL AS LATE AS THE 1920'S THE PALIKER CONTINUED TO BAPTIZE SOME OF THEIR FOLKS. THEY WERE NOT GIVEN SCHOOL INSTRUCTIONS BECAUSE PALIKER ELDERS BELIEVED TO BE A FORM OF SLAVERY. BY 1967 WHEN CONTACTS WITH BRAZILIANS IMPROVED THE PALIKER WERE AMENABLE TO FORMAL SCHOOLING AND PROGRAMS OF THE NATIONAL INDIAN FOUNDATION. THEY BUILT LARGER HOUSES AWAY FROM SINGLE FAMILY UNITS, AND WERE DIVIDED INTO LARGER VILLAGES. EACH OF WHICH WERE OCCUPIED INTO ONE CLAN. CLAN GROUPS ARE DISTRIBUTED BETWEEN SEVERAL VILLAGES. ABOUT 1/2 OF THEIR POPULATION WAS URANURAN. THEY LIVE IN RECTANGULAR HOUSES OCCUPIED. BY A NUCLEAR FAMILY. THEIR FLOORS ARE PLANKS. THE HOUSES HAVE TWO SIDED STRAW ROOFS AND CAVES. THEY SLEEP ON WOVEN HAMMOCKS. BY THE 1900'S THEY BEGAN TO SLEEP ON RUSH MATS. IN THE 1940'S THEY BEGAN USING MOSQUITO NETS.

AS IN ANCIENT TIMES THEIR MARRIAGES WERE MONOGAMOUS AND THEY COULD NOT MARRY WITHIN THE SAME CLAN. A BRIDE SERVICE WAS USUALLY PERFORMED BY THE BRIDE GROOM. TODAY A BOY AND GIRL MAY LIVE TOGETHER AFTER A DANCE. TODAY EXTENDED FAMILIES HAVE BEEN REPLACED BY NUCLEARFAMILIES.

THEIR RELIGION TODAY IS CALLED CHRISTIAN. THEY BELIEVE IN VARIOUS TIERS OF HEAVEN WHERE MYTHICAL SHAMANS LIVE. THEY BELIEVE IN SEVERAL HELLS AND A MYTH ABOUT THE FLOOD IS PRESENT IN THEIR MYTHOLOGY.

ACCORDING TO THEIR TRADITIONS NUMEROUS SPIRITS ARE SAID TO FREQUENT AIR, RIVERS, FORESTS, AND MOUNTAINS.

THEY ALSO HAVE SHAMANS AND SORCERERS WHO ARE BLOWERS WHO ARE BLOWERS ESPECIALLY THE FARMER. THEIR MOST IMPORTANT CEREMONY IS CALLED ARAMTAME OR A FEAST THAT PAYS HOMAGE TO THE BENEVOLENT SPIRITS. THE CEREMONY IS PERFORMED BY THE UACA GALIBI AT FULL MOON. THEIR CEREMONY OF GREAT IMPORTANCE IS THE KISEPA CEREMONY WHICH IS PERFORMED TO PAY LAST RESPECTS TO SOMEONE WHO PASSED. IT TAKES ABOUT A YEAR AFTER DEATH. MANY HAVE JOINED THE PENTECOSTAL CHURCH AND HAVE STOPPED THESE CEREMONIES. MANY OF THEIR SONGS ARE BY CHRISTMAS HYMNS.

MANY STILL USE NATIVE REMEDIES. THEY BELIEVE ILLNESS WAS CAUSED BY A SUPERNATURAL AGENT.
SHAMANS STILL ACT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SUPERNATURAL AGENTS. A SORCERER USED TOBACCO SMOKE TO CURE A SICK PERSON.

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. THE MAJORITY RETURNED TO THEIR HOMELAND. BY 1650 THEIR POPULATION WAS 3500 OF WHICH 400 WERE BOWMAN. THEIR POPULATION SHRUNK TO 300 WHEN THEY MIGRATED TO FRENCH GIANA.

ENGLISH, DUTCH, AND FRENCH FOLLOWED THE EXPEDITION OF LAWRENCE KEYMES IN 1596. THE PALIMAR HAD SOME ENEMIES AS USUAL AND FORMED A CONFEDERATION WITH THE KARIPINA. BY THE 18TH CENTUR
Y A PORTUGUESE GROUP EXPEDITION OCCU
PIED CONTESTED TERR
IT
ORY AND TURNED ALL IND
IAN VILLAGES AND CARRIED THE PEOPLE TO BRAZIL. AS LATE THE 1920'S THE PALIKER CONTINUED TO BAPTIZE SOME OF THEIR FOLKS. THEY WERE NOT GIVEN SCHOOL INSTRUCTIONS BECAUSE PALIKER ELDERS BELIEVED TO BE A FORM OF SLAVERY . BY 1967 WHEN CONTACTS WERE WITH BRAZILIANS IMPROVED THE PALIKER FOLKS AND WERE AMENABLE TO FORMAL SCHOOLING AND PROGRAMS OF THE NATIONAL INDIAN FOUNDATION. THEY BUILT LARGER HOUSES AWAY FROM SINGLE FAMILY UNITS. THEY WERE DIVIDED INTO TWO LARGER VILLAGES EACH OF WHICH WERE OCCUPIED INTO ONE CLAN. CLAN GROUPS ARE DISTRIBUTED BETWEEN SEVERAL VILLAGES. ABOUT 1/2 OF THEIR POPULATION WAS IN URUCANA. THEY LIVE IN RECTANGULAR HOUSES

















































































































































































































































































































































































































































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