TONKAWA MEANS THEY ALL STAY TOGETHER. THEY ARE FROM OKLAHOMA AND TEXAS.THEY ONCE SPOKE TOMKAWA AND IS EXTINCT. THEY ARE FEDERALLY REGULATED AND MOST LIVE IN OKLAHOMA, IN 1400 THEY HAD 5000 MEMBERS, HOWEVER DISEASE AND WARFARE REDUCED THEM TO 1600. BY 1921 THERE WERE ONLY 34 TONKAWA LEFT!
THEY ORIGINATED IN TEXAS IN THE 1400'S. HOWEVER RECENT RESEARCH SHOWS THEY HAVE INHABITED NORTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA IN 1601 AND BY 1700 THE APACHE PUSHED THEM SOUTH.
BY 1824 THEY ENTERED INTO A TREATY WITH STEPHAN AUSTIN PLEDGING SUPPORT AGAINST THE COMANCHE. IN 1858 THE TONKA WAS FOUGHT AS ALLIES OF THE TEXAS RANGERS IN THE BATTLE OF THE LITTLE ROBE CREEK. DURING THE CIVIL WAR IN 1862 THE TRIBES FOUGHT AGAINST THEM KILLING 133 OF THE 309 TONKAWA. IN 1879 THE GOVERNMENT SETTLED THE NEZ PERCE ON THE TONKAWA RESERVATION. IN 1885 THEY RETURNED TO THEIR HOMELAND. THE TONKAWA WERE A GROUP OF TRIBES, MANY OF WHICH NO LONGER ARE KNOWN BY NAME. THEY ARE LOCATED IN TONKAWA, OKLAHOMA.
THEY HAVE 593 TRIBAL MEMBERS AND 500 PEOPLE LIVE THROUGHOUT THE STATE. THEIR POWWOW IN JUNE COMMEMORATES WHEN THE TRIBE ENDED THE TRAIL OF TEARS.
WIKIPEDIA.ORG
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